Cost Analysis of PEM Fuel Cell Systems for Transportation: September 30, 2005

Carlson, Eric; Köpf, Peter; Sinha, Jayanti; Sriramulu, Suresh; Yang, Yating

doi:10.2172/862302

Cited by 64 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These values (in 1983 dollars) are associated with the capital investment and production cost for the ionomer and they compare well with the cost given in Table 19 (Carlson et al, 2005). …”

Section: The Lower Range Of the Ionomer Cost Is Questionablesupporting

confidence: 56%

“…These values (in 1983 dollars) are associated with the capital investment and production cost for the ionomer and they compare well with the cost given in Table 19 (Carlson et al, 2005). -8-However, given that energy costs have increased significantly since 1983, the SRI values are probably low.The TIAX sensitivity analysis assumed a Nafion cost range from $20 − $100/lb with a most likely value of $80/lb (see Table 20 of Carlson et al 2005) that is inconsistent with the SRI study. The low cost in Table 20 is attributed to the work of Gebert et al 2004.…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

“…Carlson, E.; Kopf, P.;Sinha, J.;Sriramulu, S.;and Yang, Y. 2005 David Watkins: During his 19 years at Ballard Power Systems, Mr. Watkins pioneered the PEM fuel cell technologies behind Ballard's emergence as a global industry leader, including an order of magnitude increase in power density, practical operation on air rather than on pure oxygen, operation on widely available hydrocarbon fuels rather than pure hydrogen, and the first methanol-to-electricity and natural gas-to-electricity integrated fuel power plants using PEM technology.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TIAX cost analysis states that compression-molded, graphite-resin composite plates may have thickness and conductivity limitations (Carlson et al 2005). TIAX changed its analysis from the 2004 graphite resin composite formulation to an analysis of molded/stamped-expanded graphite foil to achieve thinner bipolar plates.…”

Section: Bipolar Plates Can Be Thinnermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TIAX sensitivity analysis assumed a Nafion cost range from $20 − $100/lb with a most likely value of $80/lb (see Table 20 of Carlson et al 2005) that is inconsistent with the SRI study. The low cost in Table 20 is attributed to the work of Gebert et al 2004.…”

Section: The Lower Range Of the Ionomer Cost Is Questionablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fuel Cell System for Transportation -- 2005 Cost Estimate

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Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste The Team found the methodology used by TIAX to estimate the cost of producing PEM fuel cells to be reasonable and, using 2005 cell stack technology and assuming production of 500,000 units per year, to have calculated a credible cost of $108/kW. Rationale for Conclusion:The Independent Review Team believes the process used by TIAX for the bottom-up determination of the cell stack costs yielded appropriate and representative results within the framework of the assumptions and recommendations from DOE and the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership Fuel Cell Technical Team.In general, the fuel cell companies and the national laboratories interviewed agree with the results of the TIAX cost analysis, based on the assumptions of 2005 cell stack technology and 500,000 units per year. Fuel cell component manufacturers agreed only with the estimated cost of their specific components, since they did not have the knowledge to comment on the total PEM fuel cell system.The TIAX cost analysis should not be used to infer that industry is prepared to manufacture 500,000 units per year based on the 2005 cell stack technology. Respondents stressed that the TIAX cost estimate of $108/kW is based on many design and manufacturing assumptions, including manufacture of 500,000 units, $900/troy ounce platinum, 2005 cell stack technology, and vertical integration of the stack manufacturing process. No company is currently ready to produce either the cell stack or the balance-ofplant fuel cell components for 500,000 PEM fuel cell systems, let alone a complete fuel cell system at $108/kW. Industry anticipates major investments would be required to achieve the production volumes necessary for transportation applications.-iv- IntroductionThe U.S. Cost Analysis AssumptionsDOE determined many of the top-level assumptions, in consultation with the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership Fuel Cell Technical Team (Tech Team), which were used by TIAX in its analysis. Lower level assumptions were developed by TIAX, as required, and are described herein when they are important to understanding the overall results.Fuel Cell Configuration: DOE requested that TIAX analyze an 80-kWnet direct hydrogen PEM fuel cell system which includes the fuel cell stack and balance-of-plant (BOP) components for air, water, thermal, and fuel management, but not the hydrogen storage and power conditioning, since the latter are not included in DOE's $125/kW target. DOE provided TIAX access to a PEM fuel cell system configuration and model developed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The ANL model provides the basis for specifying the overall system, subsystem, and component performance parameters and the fluid and electrical interfaces.The TIAX cost analysis uses representative component designs, manufacturing processes for components, the development of a bill of materials, and list of purchased components. The model, data, component designs, and results were refined on the basis of recommenda...

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“…These values (in 1983 dollars) are associated with the capital investment and production cost for the ionomer and they compare well with the cost given in Table 19 (Carlson et al, 2005). …”

Section: The Lower Range Of the Ionomer Cost Is Questionablesupporting

confidence: 56%

supporting

confidence: 56%