Cosmic neutrino beams: Probes of lepton and quark substructure

Domokos, G.; Kövesi‐Domokos, S.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.38.2833

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Recently, following earlier work [9]- [13], a suggestion was made that these showers may be due to neutrinos having acquired strong interactions at these energies [14]. Neutrinos, being stable and electrically neutral, are not subject to the Greisen-ZatsepinKuz'min spectral cut-off and can in principle reach the earth from distant sources even at these energies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible test for the suggestion that air showers with E > 1020eV are due to strongly interacting neutrinos

Bordes

Hong-Mo

Faridani

et al. 1998

Astroparticle Physics

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The suggestion is made that air showers with energies beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min spectral cut-off may have primary vertices some 6 km lower in height than those of proton initiated showers with energies below the GZK cut-off. This estimate is based on the assumption that post-GZK showers are due to neutrinos having acquired strong interactions from generation-changing dual gluon exchange as recently proposed. PACS: 98.70.Sa, 95.85.Ry, 13.15.+g, 13.85.Tp Extremely high energy cosmic rays, cosmic neutrinos, flavour-changing neutral currents, duality.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible test for the suggestion that air showers with E > 1020eV are due to strongly interacting neutrinos

Bordes

Hong-Mo

Faridani

et al. 1998

Astroparticle Physics

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“…The solid angles subtended by any nearby halos may offer preferred directions for super-GZK events. As 15 There is statistically weak evidence for a possible event gap at energies just above the GZK cutoff [39].…”

Section: Further Signatures From Z-burstsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the event rate and the event energy above the GZK cutoff follow extrapolations from below the cutoff. 15 Smooth extrapolations are not necessarily expected when new physics is invoked to explain the super-GZK events. The proposal in this article makes use of standard model particles and interactions only, and so is not automatically subject to this criticism.…”

Section: Further Signatures From Z-burstsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic-ray neutrino annihilation on relic neutrinos revisited: a mechanism for generating air showers above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff

Weiler

1999

Astroparticle Physics

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If neutrinos are a significant contributor to the matter density of the universe, then they should have ∼ eV mass and cluster in galactic (super) cluster halos, and possibly in galactic halos as well. It was noted in the early 1980's that cosmic ray neutrinos with energy within δE/E R = Γ Z /M Z ∼ 3% of the peak energy E R = 4 (eV/m ν ) × 10 21 eV will annihilate on the nonrelativistic relic antineutrinos (and vice versa) to produce the Z-boson with an enhanced, resonant cross section of O(G F ) ∼ 10 −32 cm 2 . The result of the resonant neutrino annihilation is a hadronic Z-burst 70% of the time, which contains, on average, thirty photons and 2.7 nucleons with energies near or above the GZK cutoff energy of 5 × 10 19 eV. These photons and nucleons produced within our Supergalactic halo may easily propagate to earth and initiate super-GZK air showers.Here we show that the probability for each neutrino flavor at its resonant energy to annihilate within the halo of our Supergalactic cluster is likely within an order of magnitude of 1%, with the exact value depending on unknown aspects of neutrino mixing and relic neutrino clustering. The absolute lower bound in a hot Big Bang universe for the probability to annihilate within a 50 Mpc radius (roughly a nucleon propagation distance) of earth is 0.036%. From fragmentation data for Z-decay, we estimate that the nucleons are more energetic than the photons by a factor ∼ 10.Several tests of the hypothesis are indicated. 1 The Cosmic Ray Puzzle Above 10 20 eV The recent discoveries by the AGASA[1], Fly's Eye[2], Haverah Park[3], and Yakutsk[4]collaborations of air shower events with energies above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff of ∼ 5×10 19 eV presents an outstanding puzzle in ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray physics.It was anticipated that the highest-energy cosmic primaries would be protons from outside the galaxy, perhaps produced in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). It was also anticipated that the highest energies for protons arriving at earth would be ∼ 5 × 10 19 eV [5]. The origin of this GZK cutoff is degradation of the proton energy by the resonant scattering process p + γ 2.7K → ∆ * → N + π when the proton is above the resonant threshold for ∆ * production; γ 2.7K denotes a photon in the 2.7K cosmic background radiation. For every mean free path ∼ 6 Mpc of travel, the proton loses 20% of its energy on average [6]. A proton produced at its cosmic source with an initial energy E p will on average arrive at earth with only a fraction ∼ (0.8) D/6 Mpc of its original energy. Since AGNs are hundreds of megaparsecs away, the energy requirement at an AGN source for a proton which arrives at earth with a super-GZK energy is unrealistically high [7]. Of course, proton energy is not lost significantly if the highest energy protons come from a rather nearby source, < ∼ 50 to 100 Mpc [8]. However, no AGN sources are known to exist within 100 Mpc of earth. Hence, the observation of air shower events above 5 × 10 19 eV challenges standard theory. 1 In principle, there exists...

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“…Given this situation, we reexamine a proposal put forward some time ago, [9,10]. In those papers, we proposed that at sufficiently high energies, neutrinos (in general, leptons) acquire some unspecified strong interaction and cause (possibly) post-GZK showers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Strongly Interacting Neutrinos and the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays

1999

Self Cite

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Cosmic rays of energies larger than the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff may be neutrinos if they acquire strong interactions due to a "precocious unification" of forces. A scenario for this to happen is outlined. There is no contradiction with precision measurements carried out at LEP and SLAC. Observable consequences at LHC and future neutrino detectors are discussed.PACS 13.85.T, 13.15, 14.60.S A substantial number of cosmic ray events has been detected in which the primary energy appears to exceed the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff, see e.g. [1, 2, 3, 4] and Szabelski's recent review [5]. The onset of the GZK cutoff itself is somewhat uncertain: the energy of the rapid turnover of the spectrum depends on several details (for instance, on the injection spectrum, etc. ), see ref.[6] for a modern treatment. Nevertheless, it is unlikely that all the events reported can be explained by fluctuations in the shower

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Cosmic neutrino beams: Probes of lepton and quark substructure

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Possible test for the suggestion that air showers with E > 1020eV are due to strongly interacting neutrinos

Possible test for the suggestion that air showers with E > 1020eV are due to strongly interacting neutrinos

Cosmic-ray neutrino annihilation on relic neutrinos revisited: a mechanism for generating air showers above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff

Strongly Interacting Neutrinos and the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays

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