Cosmeceutical Contact Dermatitis—Cautions To Herbals

Abstract

Monica Rengifo Pardo received support by an unrestricted education grant by Janssen ? This article is part of the Topical Collection on Contact Dermatitis Keywords Allergic contact dermatitis I Cosmetics I Cosmeceuticals I Natural remedies I Botanical products I Patch testing Opinion statement The global appeal of cosmetic products to the consumer is unmistakable, with a reach that extends virtually across every household in the USA. There has been increasing interest in natural remedies containing plant-based ingredients, popularly perceived to be less harmful than products made from synthetic chemical ingredients. The true prevalence of allergic reactions to cosmetics in the general population remains unknown, as reactions are often not reported because those affected simply discontinue use of the agent instead of seeking medical care. Herbal ingredients in cosmetics may be associated with allergic contact dermatitis, a type IV hypersensitivity reaction resulting in inflammatory skin eruptions characterized by pruritis, erythematous vesicles, and papules. Preservatives and fragrances are responsible for many cases of allergic contact dermatitis, but it is important for clinicians to recognize less common allergens and be suspicious of certain ingredients in plant-based products. This article aims to emphasize risks associated with use of cosmetics marketed as "natural" and to review specific botanical allergens implicated in causing allergic contact dermatitis. Key points 1. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity reaction which can occur to naturally derived products. 2. Extracts derived from Compositae plants, propolis, and limonene, along with a number of essential oils and waxes, are popular in cosmetics and serve as botanical sources increasingly implicated in causing adverse skin reactions. 3. Pinpointing the allergen through patch testing and instituting avoidance measures is the definitive treatment for ACD.

Topical Application of <i>Citrus limon</i> Peel Essential Oil Increased Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression on Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction

“…The oxidation products of these compounds react with proteins in the skin thus recognized by the immune system and forming antigens. In animal tests, oxidized compounds are considered strong sensitizers [26][27][28][29] . Based on the literature can be said that the Citrus limon peel essential oil potentially increase the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6.…”

Lipid-based formulations in cosmeceuticals and biopharmaceuticals

“…Essential oils generally consist of lipophilic, small, and non-polar molecules such as terpenoids, rosemary oil, etc. However, apart from their positive effects, the essential oils and fragrances can also be a source of potential allergic reactions (Sarkic and Stappen 2018;Oliver et al 2015). Biochemically, mineral oils and waxes are mixtures of predominantly saturated hydrocarbons consisting of straight-chain, branched, and ring structures with carbon chain length greater than C16.…”

Cosmetovigilance and Global Approaches

“…En sık rastlanan alerjik reaksiyonların bir bölümü koku maddeleri/esans kaynaklı olarak görülmekte ve bunların bir kısmı-nın bitkisel hammadde kaynaklı olduğu belirtilmektedir. Kozmetik ürünlerde kullanımı doğrultusunda, istenmeyen veya toksik etkilere neden olabilen bitkisel içeriklerin bazı etkileri hipersensitivite reaksiyonu, östrojenik aktivite, alerjik reaksiyon, fotosensitivite, deride yanma, karaciğer toksisitesi, nöromotor disfonksiyon, konjonktival enflamasyon, konvülsiyon, mutajenik etki veya karsinojenik etki olabilmektedir (23)(24)(25)(26).…”