CoS Supersedes Pt as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Triiodide Reduction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Wang, Mingkui; Anghel, Alina M; Marsan, Benoı̂t; Ha, Ngoc-Le Cevey; Pootrakulchote, Nuttapol; Zakeeruddin, Shaik M.; Grätzel, Michaël

doi:10.1021/ja905970y

Cited by 874 publications

(538 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As an example, according to the theoretical calculations, the E ad I of CoS (0.59 eV) is closed to that of Pt (0.52 eV). Grätzel and co-workers deposited electrochemically CoS nanoparticles on PEN/ITO film to obtain a high-performance Pt-free CE 12 . The energy-conversion efficiency reached the same level of the Pt-CE DSCs, which matches well with the theoretical screening strategy shown in this work.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3c. In the modelling circuit used to mimic the EIS set up, the left semicircle consisting of R ct , C dl and Z w represents the CE 12,31 . Similar circuits have been used to model carbonaceous systems earlier 32 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, the disadvantages such as the high cost and low abundance greatly restrict the large-scale application of Pt in DSCs [6][7][8][9] . Thus, several Pt-free alternative materials have been explored as CEs in DSCs, such as carbon materials 8,10 , conductive organic polymers 6,11 and inorganic semiconductor materials including metal sulfides 12,13 , metal nitrides 14,15 , metal carbides 16,17 , metal oxides 18 and copper zinc tin sulfide 19 and so on. Recently, Wu et al 20 synthesized three classes (carbides, nitrides and oxides) of nanoscaled earlytransition metal catalysts and applied them in DSC systems as CE catalysts to replace the expensive Pt.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rational screening low-cost counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

et al. 2013

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Dye-sensitized solar cells have attracted intense research attention owing to their ease of fabrication, cost-effectiveness and high efficiency in converting solar energy. Noble platinum is generally used as catalytic counter electrode for redox mediators in electrolyte solution. Unfortunately, platinum is expensive and non-sustainable for long-term applications. Therefore, researchers are facing with the challenge of developing low-cost and earthabundant alternatives. So far, rational screening of non-platinum counter electrodes has been hamstrung by the lack of understanding about the electrocatalytic process of redox mediators on various counter electrodes. Here, using first-principle quantum chemical calculations, we studied the electrocatalytic process of redox mediators and predicted electrocatalytic activity of potential semiconductor counter electrodes. On the basis of theoretical predictions, we successfully used rust (a-Fe 2 O 3 ) as a new counter electrode catalyst, which demonstrates promising electrocatalytic activity towards triiodide reduction at a rate comparable to platinum.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Rational screening low-cost counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

et al. 2013

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“…The steep slope represents larger exchange current density (j 0 ) on the Ag-PPy-FMWCNTS CE suggesting larger surface area and higher electronic conductivity which is the important key factor implying larger electrocatalytic activity. 56 In addition, J 0 is calculated from the Tafel curves in Fig. 5 and it is inversely proportional to R ct according to Eq.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile fabrication of novel silver-polypyrrole-multiwall carbon nanotubes nanocomposite for replacement of platinum in dye-sensitized solar cell

et al. 2016

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This paper demonstrates the facile synthesis of high performance silver-polypyrrole-multiwall carbon nanotubes (Ag-PPy-FMWCNTS) nanocomposites via electrodeposition method on stainless steel substrate and its application as a low cost counter electrode (CE) for the precious platinum (Pt) free DSSC. The nanocomposites were characterized by variety of techniques such as Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Four probe technique respectively. The cyclic voltammetry and Tafel polymerization measurements of Ag-PPy-FMWCNTS nanocomposites CE reveal the favorable electrocatalytic activity and low charge transfer resistance Rct(2.50 Ω cm2) for I3−/I− redox solution. The four probe studies showed the large electrical conductivity (226S cm−1) of Ag-PPy-FMWCNTS nanocomposite. The DSSC assembled with Ag-PPy-FMWCNTS nanocomposites CE display the considerable short circuit current density (13.95 mA cm−2) and acceptable solar to electrical conversion efficiency of 7.6%, which is higher to the efficiency of DSSC with thermally decomposed Pt reference electrode 7.1%. The excellent conversion efficiency, rapid charge transfer in combination with low cost and simple fabrication method of Ag-PPy-FMWCNTS nanocomposites can be exploited as an efficient and potential candidate to replace the Pt CE for large scale production of DSSC.

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“…Th ese problems have been addressed recently by Graetzel's group, who invented the DSSC in 1991. By using cobalt sulfi de as the cathode material [34], replacing platinum and using a new disulfi de/thiolate (T 2 /T -) redox couple [35] in which T -is 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole ion and T 2 is its dimer, Graetzel's group was able to produced a stable DSSC with PCE of up to 6.4%. Th e new electrolyte is not only less corrosive but also has no absorption in the visible region, unlike the triiodide/iodide electrolyte.…”

Section: Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy production and conversion applications of one-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures

Chattopadhyay¹,

Chen

2011

NPG Asia Mater

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W ith the projected world demand for energy reaching 612 quadrillion Btu (~649×10 18 J or 33 GW-yrs) in 2020 and the associated problem of carbon emission, it has become necessary to look for every enabling technology that may assist in reaching that goal in a sustainable way. Th is daunting task can broadly be classifi ed into two areas of research. Th e fi rst area includes enhancing the effi ciencies of existing 'power-consuming' technologies as well as energy generation and conversion. For example, the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) may push external effi ciencies up to 50%, against 13% for conventional technologies such as fl uorescent lamps. Th e use of sustainable energy generation by solar photovoltaics not only contributes to energy supply but also controls carbon emission. Th e second area includes efficient energy-storage systems, such as fuel cells and lithium batteries, for the portable electronic devices that continue to percolated throughout human society.Th e advent of nanoscience has shed light on almost every fi eld of science and technology, particularly in the development of renewable energies. Among the vast varieties of nanomaterials that have been developed, onedimensional (1D) nanomaterials with their inherent large specifi c surface areas and continuous transport path for charge carriers are useful for energy harvesting and conversion applications, which are mostly associated with surface reaction and carrier transport. When the diameter of a material is reduced below a critical value, the additional advantage of 1D materials, such as surface band bending-enhanced photoconductivity or even ballistic transport, may appear, which further enhances their carrier transport properties and hence energy conversion effi ciency. Extensive investigations have been made in this direction aiming to enhance the effi ciency of energy conversion and harvesting while lowering the cost of the aforementioned devices. In this review, selected 1D nanomaterials and their applications in energy conversion and generation technologies such as photonics, photovoltaics, photocatalysis and fuel cells will be covered. Solid-state lighting and LEDsIncreased technology effi ciency will eventually lower the demand for energy. For example, approximately 20% of world energy demand is for lighting purposes, which can be reduced through the effi cient use of LEDs instead of the fl uorescent, incandescent or high-pressure discharge lamps commonly used today. Group III nitride materials such as AlN, GaN and InN dominate in the fi eld of LEDs. However, ternary and quaternary compounds arising out of a mix of these, for example Al x Ga 1-x N and In x Ga 1-x N, can have their bandgaps, and hence emission, tuned from deep ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared by adjusting the composition fraction x [1]. Th ese materials are hard to grow due to the scarcity of lattice-matched substrates, which has led to defects in the crystal that deteriorate the device's optoelectronic properties. One-dimensional nanowires (NWs), on the other h...

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CoS Supersedes Pt as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Triiodide Reduction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Cited by 874 publications

References 20 publications

Rational screening low-cost counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Rational screening low-cost counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Facile fabrication of novel silver-polypyrrole-multiwall carbon nanotubes nanocomposite for replacement of platinum in dye-sensitized solar cell

Energy production and conversion applications of one-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures

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