Corynebacterium testudinoris sp. nov., from a tortoise, and Corynebacterium felinum sp. nov., from a Scottish wild cat.

Collins, Matthew D.; Hoyles, Lesley; Hutson, Roger A.; Foster, Geoffrey; Falsen, Enevold

doi:10.1099/00207713-51-4-1349

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…To determine the pH range for AQDS reduction, 20 ml MSM (containing 1610 7 cells ml 21 , Table 1. Characteristics that can be used to differentiate strain MFC-5 T from alkaliphilic and halotolerant corynebacteria (Collins et al, 2001);7, C. urealyticum (n56;Pitcher et al, 1992). All strains were negative for aesculin hydrolysis, b-galactosidase and N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase (no data available for C. urealyticum) and acid production from mannitol, xylose and lactose.…”

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Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell

Zhou

et al. 2011

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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A novel halotolerant, alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium, designated MFC-5 T , was isolated from a microbial fuel cell that was fed continuously with artificial wastewater (pH 10.0). Cells were Gram-positive-staining, facultatively anaerobic, non-fermentative, non-motile rods and had a G+C content of 59.0 mol%. Microbial growth was observed with ,13 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10 %), at pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum pH 9.0) and at 25-45 6C (optimum 37 6C). Strain MFC-5 T was active in the anaerobic reduction of a humic acid analogue, anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate, with lactate, formate, acetate, ethanol or sucrose as the electron donor. The major cellular fatty acids were C 18 : 1 v9c (42.68 %), C 16 : 0 (33.69 %), C 18 : 0 (7.56 %), C 17 : 1 v8c (5.14 %) and C 17 : 0 (3.39 %). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that strain MFC-5 T displayed .3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from its closest relatives. Based on phenotypic, genetic and phylogenetic analysis, a novel species, Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is MFC-5 T (5NBRC 106098 T 5CGMCC 2452 T 5DSM 45392 T ).

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Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell

Zhou

et al. 2011

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…In addition, the pH buffer was changed to HEPES, which is more biologically compatible than Tris (6), and the buffer strength was increased to 0.01 M because the pH of the standard buffer was observed to be unstable. The canine-adapted buffer contained 0.04 M NaCl, 0.01 M HEPES, 0.001 M CaCl 2, 0.02 M KCl, and 0.02% NaN 3 .…”

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Aggregative Behavior of Bacteria Isolated from Canine Dental Plaque

Elliott

Wilson

Buckley³

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Interbacterial adhesion of bacteria isolated from canine dental plaque was assessed by performing a visual coaggregation assay. Using conditions mimicking those likely to be encountered in vivo, the entire cultivable plaque microbiota from a single dog was assessed, and eight (6.7%) unique coaggregation interactions were detected for 120 crosses. Transmission electron microscopy was used to visualize several of the bacteria in isolation and as coaggregates, which revealed surface structures that may be involved in adhesion and coaggregation. The results of this study indicate that the prevalence of coaggregating pairs of dental plaque bacteria in dogs is similar to the prevalence of coaggregating pairs of dental plaque bacteria reported in humans. In addition, genera found in both hosts generally exhibited similar coaggregation reactions; however, autoaggregation was found to be more common among oral bacteria isolated from dogs.Coaggregation is the term used to describe adhesion of genetically distinct microbial cells to each other in a suspension (12), and autoaggregation is the term used to describe the same phenomenon for genetically identical cells. These processes, in conjunction with adhesion to a substratum, are important factors in the development of bacterial biofilms (14). Coaggregation may have evolved in concert with structural and metabolic codependencies which in turn facilitate the development of complex biofilm communities, such as dental plaque. This possibility is supported by the findings of Bradshaw et al.(1), who showed that certain bacterial aggregates could allow obligate anaerobes to persist in aerated cultures.Gibbons and Nygaard (5) were the first workers to realize the potential importance of cell-to-cell adhesion in the development of dental plaque and to develop a method for measuring interbacterial aggregation, which is now more commonly called coaggregation. They used this method to assess the coaggregation of 23 strains of numerically dominant culturable bacteria and found that 18 of these strains participated in coaggregation reactions; a total of 23 interactions were observed for the 253 pairs tested. This work has been continued by many workers, who often assess coaggregation by using the convenient visual assay described by Cisar et al. (2), which uses a system of scores from 0 to 4. Kolenbrander and Andersen (10) extended this work further by using radioactively labeled cells in coaggregation assays, which allowed them to address more elaborate questions, such as the stability of coaggregation bonds and the trapping of noncoaggregating cells by coaggregation networks.Coaggregation research has focused primarily on bacteria isolated from human dental plaque; however, coaggregation has recently been shown to occur between bacteria from water systems, leading to the suggestion that it may be a universal phenomenon among biofilm-forming bacteria (14). Coaggregation studies using bacteria from the canine oral microbiota should allow comparisons with the large volume of data relat...

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“…Within the last few years, microbiologists have also focused on descriptions of novel Corynebacterium species obtained from animals (Collins et al, 1999b(Collins et al, , 2001Fernández-Garayzábal et al, 2004). Although it is generally agreed that the most frequently found Corynebacterium species in human clinical materials have already been defined, novel Corynebacterium species are still being described, often based, however, on single strains (Yassin et al, 2002;Yassin, 2007).…”

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Corynebacterium freiburgense sp. nov., isolated from a wound obtained from a dog bite

Funke

Frodl

Bernard

et al. 2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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A non-lipophilic, coryneform bacterium, isolated from a patient's wound obtained from a dog bite, was characterized by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular genetic methods. Chemotaxonomic features suggested assignment of the unknown bacterium to the genus Corynebacterium. The isolate exhibited the following peculiar features which made it possible to differentiate it phenotypically from all other medically relevant corynebacteria: older colonies exhibited a 'spoke-wheel' macroscopic morphology, colonies were strongly adherent to blood agar and the strain did not have pyrazinamidase activity, but was positive for b-galactosidase. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the closest phylogenetic relative exhibited more than 3.9 % divergence from the unknown isolate. Based on phenotypic and molecular genetic data, it is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a representative of a novel species, Corynebacterium freiburgense sp. nov., with strain 1045 T (5CCUG 56874 T 5DSM 45254 T ) as the type strain.During the 1990s, a plethora of novel Corynebacterium species isolated from human clinical specimens was described (Funke & Bernard, 2007). Within the last few years, microbiologists have also focused on descriptions of novel Corynebacterium species obtained from animals (Collins et al., 1999b(Collins et al., , 2001 Fernández-Garayzábal et al., 2004). Although it is generally agreed that the most frequently found Corynebacterium species in human clinical materials have already been defined, novel Corynebacterium species are still being described, often based, however, on single strains (Yassin et al., 2002;Yassin, 2007). The present report outlines the characteristics of a single, unusual Corynebacterium strain (1045 T ) which may have been transmitted from an animal to a human. Using a polyphasic taxonomic approach, it has been demonstrated that this strain represents another novel Corynebacterium species. Strain 1045T was cultured in August 2008 from a wound swab of a 57-year-old female who had been bitten by her dog on her forearm. Strain 1045 T grew together with Pasteurella multocida, a-haemolytic streptococci and Prevotella species. Gram staining of cells of strain 1045T showed coryneform bacteria arranged singly with typical club-shaped elements; filamentous forms were not observed. The isolate was negative for partial acid-fastness. Colonies on Columbia sheep blood agar plates (BD) were beige-whitish, showed irregular margins and were 1-2 mm in diameter. Supplementation of Columbia sheep blood agar plates with Tween 80 (Merck) (Funke & Bernard, 2007) did not enhance colony size significantly, i.e. strain 1045 T was nonlipophilic. Interestingly, the colonies were strongly adherent to blood agar; of the coryneform bacteria, adherence to agar is also observed in some strains of Corynebacterium durum (Riegel et al., 1997), Corynebacterium sundsvallense (Collins et al., 1999a) and Corynebacterium thomssenii (Zimmermann et al., 1998). Another very peculiar feature was the 'spoke-wheel' macroscopic morpholo...

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Corynebacterium testudinoris sp. nov., from a tortoise, and Corynebacterium felinum sp. nov., from a Scottish wild cat.

Abstract: NOTE

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell

Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell

Aggregative Behavior of Bacteria Isolated from Canine Dental Plaque

Corynebacterium freiburgense sp. nov., isolated from a wound obtained from a dog bite

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