Cortisol awakening response is blunted and pain perception is increased during menses in cyclic women

Özgöçer, Tuba; Uçar, Cihat; Yıldız, Sedat

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.12.011

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It follows then that not only should sex be considered when assessing CAR in adolescents but also pubertal development. Furthermore, Ozgocer and colleagues recently showed CAR to be affected by menstrual cycle phase [ 65 ] and should therefore be controlled for in future CAR research designs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and the Cortisol Awakening Response: A Systematic Review

Anderson

Wideman

2017

Sports Med - Open

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BackgroundThe cortisol awakening response (CAR) has been used as a biomarker of stress response in a multitude of psychological investigations. While a myriad of biochemical responses have been proposed to monitor responses to exercise training, the use of CAR within the exercise and sports sciences is currently limited and is a potentially underutilized variable. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to collate studies that incorporate both exercise and CAR, in an effort to better understand (a) whether CAR is a useful marker for monitoring exercise stress and (b) how CAR may be most appropriately used in future research.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted, following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted using PubMed, SportDISCUS, Scopus, and PsychInfo databases, using search terms related toCAR and exercise and physical activity.Results10,292 articles were identified in the initial search, with 32 studies included in the final analysis. No studies investigated the effects of laboratory-controlled exercise on CAR. Variable effects were observed, possibly due to inconsistencies in study design, methodology, population, and CAR analysis. The available literature suggests a threshold of exercise may be required to alter the HPA axis and affect CAR. Moreover, CAR may represent a combination of previous exercise load and upcoming stress, making current interpretation of field-based observational research challenging.ConclusionsMore research is needed to fully elucidate the influence of exercise on CAR and address a number of gaps in the literature, including controlling exercise load, consistent sample collection, and CAR calculation and analysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and the Cortisol Awakening Response: A Systematic Review

Anderson

Wideman

2017

Sports Med - Open

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“…Salivary samples were analyzed for cortisol level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed in our laboratory [ 22 ]. In brief, cortisol-BSA stock solution was diluted with carbonate buffer and used at an amount of 200 μL/well in a 96-well microtiter plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the addition of stop solution (sulfuric acid 10%, 50 μL/well), the absorbance was measured at 450 nm using a plate reader spectrophotometer (BioTek, Synergy HT, Winooski, VT, USA). Cortisol concentrations were quantified using the program in the spectrophotometer [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Psychodrama Affect Perceived Stress, Anxiety-Depression Scores and Saliva Cortisol in Patients with Depression?

Erbay

Reyhani

Ünal

et al. 2018

Psychiatry Investig

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ObjectiveLittle is known about the effects of psychodrama group therapy on the level of stress, anxiety and depression of the group members, and the biological markers of stress. The aim of this study test cortisol level as a biological reflection of some mental characteristics gained by the psychodrama method in coping with stress. MethodsDepressive patients aged between 18 and 65 years, who diagnosed with depression according to DSM-5, without psychiatric comorbidity, who do not use drugs and were available for psychodrama were enrolled into the study. These patients were evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory. In order to observe the circadian rhythm of cortisol, samples were collected from the participants before lunch, before dinner and before going to sleep on the day before psychodrama and on the 0, 15th, and 30th minutes after awakening in the morning of the psychodrama day; as well as just before and after the psychodrama session. Saliva cortisol level just before the initial session of psychodrama group therapy was compared with the saliva cortisol level just after the last psychodrama session at the end of 16 weeks. ResultsStatistically significant difference was determined between the scores of perceived stress scale, STAI-1, STAI-2, beck depression inventory and salivary cortisol level before and after psychodrama session. There was significant decrease in both the scale scores and salivary cortisol after vs. before psychodrama. ConclusionThis results is important as it shows the biological aspect of clinical improvement. Further studies would provide us with better understanding of the effects of psychodrama group psychotherapy on depressive mood and biological projections by means of short-term and long-term follow-up studies.

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“…Primary dysmenorrhoea (PDM), defined as painful menstrual cramps without pelvic pathology, is one of the most common gynaecological conditions in childbearing age women (Dawood, ). Females with PDM are often associated with psychological distress and negative emotions, including anxiety, depression and others (Dorn et al., ; Ozgocer, Ucar, & Yildiz, ). Negative emotions are able to increase pain perception, and pain could trigger unpleasant feelings (Bravo et al., ; Ochsner et al., ; Villemure & Bushnell, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered amygdalar volume and functional connectivity in primary dysmenorrhoea during the menstrual cycle

Yang

Dun

Li³

et al. 2019

European Journal of Pain

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Background Primary dysmenorrhoea (PDM), characterized as menstrual pain without pelvic pathology, is associated with pain‐related negative mood and hormone fluctuations. Previous studies strongly supported the link between pain and negative mood in affected individuals; however, it remains largely unknown in patients with PDM. Methods We focused on the effects how spontaneous pain, negative mood and hormone levels played on the central nervous system in 34 PDM women and 33 matched healthy controls across their cycles (periovulatory phase and menstruation phase) by using T1‐weighted and functional imaging. Voxel‐based morphometry and functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed to evaluate brain structural and functional changes. Hormone concentrations (oestradiol, progesterone and cortisol) were also obtained. Results Abnormal state‐related GM volume in the amygdala was found between periovulatory and menstruation phases in PDM. Furthermore, larger amygdalar volume was observed in patients’ menstruation phase, which was significantly correlated with higher levels of cortisol. In addition, we found increased amygdala‐seeded FC in vlPFC, which may be associated with pain intensity and negative mood in PDM women during the pain state. Conclusions Taken together, we found women with PDM had structural and functional abnormalities in the amygdala, which associated with stress hormone levels, pain intensity and negative mood, may reflect disturbed emotional and pain modulation in women with PDM. Significance Our findings provide further evidence of amygdala‐related abnormalities, which may be associated with pain‐related affective distress and hormonal fluctuations in women with PDM, and complement the brain mechanism investigations for the pathophysiology of PDM.

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Cortisol awakening response is blunted and pain perception is increased during menses in cyclic women

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Exercise and the Cortisol Awakening Response: A Systematic Review

Exercise and the Cortisol Awakening Response: A Systematic Review

Does Psychodrama Affect Perceived Stress, Anxiety-Depression Scores and Saliva Cortisol in Patients with Depression?

Altered amygdalar volume and functional connectivity in primary dysmenorrhoea during the menstrual cycle

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