Cortical thickening in remitters compared to non‐remitters with major depressive disorder following 8‐week antidepressant treatment

Aydoğan, Aybala Sarıçiçek; Oztekin, E.; Esen, M. E.; Dusmez, S.; Gelal, Fazıl; Beşiroğlu, Lütfullah; Zorlu, Nabi

doi:10.1111/acps.13065

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Besides, decreased nodal efficiency and thinner cortical gray matter in the temporal lobe have been found in MDD compared with HCs in cross-sectional studies (10,46). Whereas, thicker cortical thickness in the temporal cortex in remitters than in non-remitters (47), and normalization of the temporal cortex activity with treatment (48) were found. Also, higher FA was detected in the temporal (superior, middle, and fusiform) regions in remitters relative to the non-remitters (49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-Independent and -Dependent Structural Connectivity Alterations in Depression

et al. 2020

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Some brain abnormalities persist at the remission phase, that is, the state-independent abnormalities, which may be one of the reasons for the high recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD). Hence, it is of great significance to identify state-independent abnormalities of MDD through longitudinal investigation. Ninety-nine MDD patients and 118 healthy controls (HCs) received diffusion tensor imaging scanning at baseline. After 6-month antidepressant treatment, 68 patients received a second scan, among which 59 patients achieved full clinical remission. Differences in whole-brain structural connectivity (SC) between patients with MDD at baseline and HCs were estimated by two-sample t-tests. Masked with significantly changed SCs in MDD, two-sample t-tests were conducted between the remitted MDD subgroup at follow-up and HCs, and paired t-tests were implemented to compare the differences of SC in the remitted MDD subgroup before and after treatment. Significantly decreased SC between the right insula and the anterior temporal cortex (ATC), between the right ATC and the posterior temporal cortex (PTC), between the left ATC and the auditory cortex as well as increased connectivity between the right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the left medial parietal cortex (MPC) were observed in the MDD group compared with the HC group at baseline (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). The decreased connectivity between the right insula and the ATC and increased connectivity between the right PCC and the left MPC persisted in the remitted MDD subgroup at follow-up (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). The decreased SC between the right insula and the ATC and increased SC between the right PCC and left MPC showed state-independent characters, which may be implicated in the sustained negative attention bias and motor retardation in MDD. In contrast, the decreased SC between the right ATC and the PTC and between the left ATC and the auditory cortex seemed to be state-dependent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-Independent and -Dependent Structural Connectivity Alterations in Depression

et al. 2020

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“…31,32 Previous studies comparing cortical thickness between MDD patients and healthy controls indicated cortical thinning in rostral middle frontal cortex in patients. 12,28 Our results showed increased cortical thickness in right rostral middle frontal in MDD participants given sertraline. This area is in Brodmann area 9 which is highly correlated with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), the core region of the central executive cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…27 Our laterality results are aligned with the findings of a recent study relating higher right hemisphere thickness to successful antidepressant treatment. 28 We observed increased thickness in right caudal and rACC following treatment with sertraline. Anterior cingulate cortex is critical part of the limbic system, which is associated with sensory, motor, cognitive, and emotional processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Increased Cortical Thickness in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Following Antidepressant Treatment

Nemati

Abdallah

2020

Chronic Stress

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Background: Considering the slow-acting properties of traditional antidepressants, an important challenge in the field is the identification of early treatment response biomarkers. Reduced cortical thickness has been reported in neuroimaging studies of depression. However, little is known whether antidepressants reverse this abnormality. In this brief report, we investigated early cortical thickness changes following treatment with sertraline compared to placebo. Methods: Participants (n ¼ 215) with major depressive disorder were randomized to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sertraline, or to placebo. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired at baseline and one week following treatment. Response was defined as at least 50% improvement in Hamilton rating scale for depression score at week 8. In a vertex-wise approach, we examined the effects of treatment, response, and treatment Â response. Results: Following correction for multiple comparisons, we found a significant effect of treatment, with widespread increase in cortical thickness following sertraline compared to placebo. Clusters with increased thickness were found in the left medial prefrontal cortex, right medial and lateral prefrontal cortex, and within the right parieto-temporal lobes. There were no sertraline-induced cortical thinning, and no significant response effects or treatment Â response interactions. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that cortical thickness abnormalities may be responsive to antidepressant treatment. However, a relationship between these early cortical changes and later treatment response was not demonstrated. Future studies would be needed to investigate whether those early effects are maintained at eight weeks and are associated with enhanced response.

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“…12 Pre-minus post-treatment changes in the DLPFC also have been reported in previous treatment studies of pharmacological treatments for mood disorders, including decreases in DLPFC activation in adolescents with BD undergoing treatment with divalproex, 10 pre-minus post-treatment increases in the volume of the DLPFC in adults with BD who responded to lithium treatment, 26 and increases in the thickness of the DLPFC in adults with depression who responded to antidepressant treatment. 27 Previous studies also showed that functional activation of the DLPFC increases with remission from mania in adults with BD, 28 and pre-minus post-treatment increases in DLPFC activity were consistently reported across 60 studies of depressed adults receiving antidepressant treatments. 29 Furthermore, the left DLPFC is the site targeted by transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Neural changes in youth at high risk for bipolar disorder undergoing family‐focused therapy or psychoeducation

et al. 2021

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Background: Patients with mood disorders may benefit from psychosocial interventions through changes in brain networks underlying emotion processing. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate treatment-related changes in emotion processing networks in youth at familial high risk for bipolar disorder (BD).Methods: Youth, ages 9-17, were randomly assigned to family-focused therapy for high-risk youth (FFT-HR) or an active comparison treatment, Enhanced Care (EC).Before and after these 4-month treatments, participants underwent fMRI while viewing happy, fearful, and calm facial expressions. Twenty youth in FFT-HR and 20 in EC were included in analyses of pre-to post-treatment changes in activation across the whole brain. Significant clusters were assessed for correlation with mood symptom improvement.Results: In the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), activation increased from preto post-treatment in the FFT-HR group and decreased in the EC group. Insula activation decreased in the FFT-HR group and did not change in the EC group. Across both treatments, decreasing activation in the hippocampus and amygdala was correlated with pre-to post-treatment improvement in hypomania, while increasing activation in the DLPFC was correlated with pre-to post-treatment improvement in depression.Discussion: Psychosocial treatment addresses abnormalities in emotion regulation networks in youth at high risk for BD. Increased prefrontal cortex activation suggests enhanced emotion regulation from pre-to post-treatment with FFT-HR.Improvements in family interactions may facilitate the development of prefrontal resources that provide protection against future mood episodes.

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Cortical thickening in remitters compared to non‐remitters with major depressive disorder following 8‐week antidepressant treatment

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

State-Independent and -Dependent Structural Connectivity Alterations in Depression

State-Independent and -Dependent Structural Connectivity Alterations in Depression

Increased Cortical Thickness in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Following Antidepressant Treatment

Neural changes in youth at high risk for bipolar disorder undergoing family‐focused therapy or psychoeducation

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