Cortical regions activated after rapid eye movements during REM sleep

Ogawa, Keiko; Nittono, Hiroshi; Hori, Tadao

doi:10.1111/j.1479-8425.2006.00198.x

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Finally, physiological and psychological processes of REMS are similar to waking visual imagery (Cantero, Atienza, Salas, & Gómez, 2000Ogawa, Nittono, & Hori, 2006Lliná & Ribary, 1993Gottesmann & Gottesman, 2007. All these together support our contention that there is essentially functional basis for the development and maturation of visual memory in association of REMS associated dreams and visual imagery.…”

Section: "Overall Dreaming Appears To Be a Gradual Cognitive Develsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…It has been proposed that the visuals (images) during the dream stage possibly originate from long-term visual memories following the pathway, which helped visual information processing, however, in a reverse order than that of image processing for memory formation (Cantero, Atienza, Salas, & Gómez, 1999Ogawa, Nittono, & Hori, 2006. According to Braun et al (1998), the brain mechanisms underlying REMS are visual association cortices and their paralimbic projections, operating as a closed system dissociated from the regions of the visual hierarchy, which mediate interactions with the external world.…”

Section: The Eyes Scan Dream Images During Remsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation of Retinotopic Visual Areas Is Central to REM Sleep Associated Dreams: Visual Dreams and Visual Imagery Possibly Co-Emerged In Evolution

Bókkon

Mallick

2012

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The latest experimental results support that multiple retinotopic visual systems play a central role not only in the processing of visual signals but also in the integration and processing of internally represented auditory and tactile information. These retinotopic maps have access to higher levels of cognitive processing, performed by the frontal lobes, for example. The occipital cortex may have a special role in multisensory integration. There is a functional basis for the development and maturation of visual memory in association of rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) which is linked to dreams and visual imagery. Physiological and psychological processes of REMS are similar to waking visual imagery. Furthermore, visual imagery during REMS utilize a common visual neural pathway similar to that used in wakefulness. This pathway subserves visual processes accompanied with auditory experiences and intrinsic feelings. We argue that the activation of the retinotopic visual areas is central to REM sleep associated dreams and that REMS associated dreaming and visual imagery may have coevolved in homeothermic animals during evolution. We also suggest that protoconscious state during REM sleep, as introduced by Hobson many years ago, may be a basic visual process.

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Section: "Overall Dreaming Appears To Be a Gradual Cognitive Develsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: The Eyes Scan Dream Images During Remsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Retinotopic Visual Areas Is Central to REM Sleep Associated Dreams: Visual Dreams and Visual Imagery Possibly Co-Emerged In Evolution

Bókkon

Mallick

2012

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“…Some evidence for a dreamy state during REMs comes from lambda-like brain potentials in visual areas after the offset of REMs [17]. In contrast, the absence of a cortical pre-REM negativity, indicative of a Bereitschafts potential (readiness potential), has been taken as evidence against the hypothesis that dreamers move their eyes to scan the 'dreamed' image [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Eye movements during REM sleep and imagination of visual scenes

et al. 2010

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It has been hypothesized that rapid eye movements (REMs) during sleep reflect the process of looking around in dreams. We questioned whether REMs differ from eye movements in wakefulness while imagining previously seen visual stimuli (dots, static images, videos). After looking at these stimuli individuals were asked to remember and imagine them. Subsequently, their REMs were recorded at the sleep laboratory. Kinematic parameters of REMs were similar to saccadic eye movements to remembered stimuli with closed eyes, irrespective of the stimulus type. In contrast, peak velocity of eye movements with open eyes was similar to REMs when semantic, but not nonsemantic, contents were imagined. Thus, REMs may be related to exploratory saccadic behaviour in the awake to remember visual stimuli.

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“…For that reason, it is inferred to be a useful index for examining the brain activity level associated with REM. Brain potentials measured after REM show a larger amplitude than similarly measured potentials before REM during human REM sleep 6,13–17 . Therefore, it is expected that the brain activity level, as reflected by gamma band EEG activity, will also be enhanced following REM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Miyauchi et al 13,14 . and Ogawa et al 15,16 . reported the occurrence of brain potential at scalp sites over the visual cortex after REM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma band EEG activity is enhanced after the occurrence of rapid eye movement during human REM sleep

et al. 2008

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This study investigated changes in gamma band (35-44 Hz) EEG activity associated with rapid eye movement (REM) during human REM sleep. Polysomnograms of eight healthy young volunteers were recorded during their normal nocturnal sleep using 26 scalp electrode sites. The recordings were analyzed for changes in gamma band EEG activity as a function of four sleep states (slow wave sleep, stage 2, tonic and phasic periods of the REM stage), electrode sites (six midline sites) and the time of occurrence (before and after rapid eye movement). The findings revealed that gamma band EEG activity is enhanced during REM sleep, particularly in the prefrontal regions during phasic periods of the REM stage, even after excluding the possible effects of peri-orbital activity. This result suggests that the prefrontal brain area is activated during the phasic periods of the REM stage. Moreover, results of this study show that the gamma band EEG activity is enhanced following the onset of REM. Taken together, these results suggest that enhancement of gamma band EEG activity is caused by processes such as ponto-geniculo-occipital activity, a lambda-like response and corollary discharge associated with REM.

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Cortical regions activated after rapid eye movements during REM sleep

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Activation of Retinotopic Visual Areas Is Central to REM Sleep Associated Dreams: Visual Dreams and Visual Imagery Possibly Co-Emerged In Evolution

Activation of Retinotopic Visual Areas Is Central to REM Sleep Associated Dreams: Visual Dreams and Visual Imagery Possibly Co-Emerged In Evolution

Eye movements during REM sleep and imagination of visual scenes

Gamma band EEG activity is enhanced after the occurrence of rapid eye movement during human REM sleep

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