Cortical and Subcortical Anatomy of the Parietal Lobe From the Neurosurgical Perspective

Dziedzic, Tomasz; Bala, Aleksandra; Marchel, Andrzej

doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.727055

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…10) may be a consequence of changes in pos morphology in humans. In nearly all human hemispheres, the pos intersects with the calcarine sulcus (e.g., 61,[72][73][74][75] ), which is not necessarily the case in chimpanzees [54][55][56]72,76,77 . The intersection of these two sulci, which is in the proximity of the isms, may have led to its absence in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulcal morphology of posteromedial cortex substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees

Willbrand

Maboudian

Kelly

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Recent studies identify a surprising coupling between evolutionarily new sulci and the functional organization of human posteromedial cortex (PMC). Yet, no study has compared this modern PMC sulcal patterning between humans and non-human hominoids. To fill this gap in knowledge, we first manually defined 918 sulci in 120 chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) hemispheres and 1619 sulci in 144 human hemispheres. We uncovered four new PMC sulci, and quantitatively identified species differences in incidence, depth, and surface area. Interestingly, some PMC sulci are more common in humans and others, in chimpanzees. Further, we found that the prominent marginal ramus of the cingulate sulcus differs significantly between species. Contrary to classic observations, the present results reveal that the surface anatomy of PMC substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees, findings which lay a foundation for better understanding the evolution of neuroanatomical-functional and neuroanatomical-behavioral relationships in this highly expanded region of the human cerebral cortex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulcal morphology of posteromedial cortex substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees

Willbrand

Maboudian

Kelly

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The parietal cortex encodes spatial coordinates and is engaged during the planning of reaching toward a target [88]. Surgery affecting the parietal lobes is associated with a risk of the loss of language and visual field deficits [89].…”

Section: Visual Pathway Parietal Lobes and Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review with Focus on the Visual System

Rauchman

Albert

Pinkhasov

et al. 2022

Neurology International

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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major global public health problem. Neurological damage from TBI may be mild, moderate, or severe and occurs both immediately at the time of impact (primary injury) and continues to evolve afterwards (secondary injury). In mild (m)TBI, common symptoms are headaches, dizziness and fatigue. Visual impairment is especially prevalent. Insomnia, attentional deficits and memory problems often occur. Neuroimaging methods for the management of TBI include computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The location and the extent of injuries determine the motor and/or sensory deficits that result. Parietal lobe damage can lead to deficits in sensorimotor function, memory, and attention span. The processing of visual information may be disrupted, with consequences such as poor hand-eye coordination and balance. TBI may cause lesions in the occipital or parietal lobe that leave the TBI patient with incomplete homonymous hemianopia. Overall, TBI can interfere with everyday life by compromising the ability to work, sleep, drive, read, communicate and perform numerous activities previously taken for granted. Treatment and rehabilitation options available to TBI sufferers are inadequate and there is a pressing need for new ways to help these patients to optimize their functioning and maintain productivity and participation in life activities, family and community.

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“…In recent years, the interest for this approach has risen again ( Costa et al, 2018 ; Altieri et al, 2019 ; Grzegorczyk et al, 2019 ; Dziedzic et al, 2023 ). The combination of classical, neuroanatomical, fiber-dissection techniques and more advanced neuroradiological approaches such as diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography, have broadened the understanding of several white-matter connections ( Holl et al, 2011 ; Akakin et al, 2014 ; Sarubbo et al, 2015 ; Meola et al, 2016 ; Burks et al, 2017 ; Goryainov et al, 2017 ; Pascalau et al, 2018 ; Flores-Justa et al, 2019 ; Shah et al, 2019 ; Dziedzic et al, 2021a , 2022 ; Rauch et al, 2021 ), even leading to the discovery of novel structures ( Shinohara et al, 2020 ). Throughout the last 150 years, a plethora of fixation and staining methods has been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixation and staining methods for macroscopical investigation of the brain

2023

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The proper preservation of human brain tissue is an indispensable requirement for post-mortem investigations. Neuroanatomical teaching, neuropathological examination, neurosurgical training, basic and clinical neuroscientific research are some of the possible downstream applications of brain specimens and, although much apart from one another, proper tissue fixation and preservation is a common denominator to all of them. In this review, the most relevant procedures to fixate brain tissue are described. In situ and immersion fixation approaches have been so far the most widespread ways to deliver the fixatives inside the skull. Although most of them rely on the use of formalin, alternative fixative solutions containing lower amounts of this compound mixed with other preservative agents, have been attempted. The combination of fixation and freezing paved the way for fiber dissection, particularly relevant for the neurosurgical practice and clinical neuroscience. Moreover, special techniques have been developed in neuropathology to tackle extraordinary problems, such as the examination of highly infective specimens, as in the case of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob encephalopathy, or fetal brains. Fixation is a fundamental prerequisite for further staining of brain specimens. Although several staining techniques have been developed for the microscopical investigation of the central nervous system, numerous approaches are also available for staining macroscopic brain specimens. They are mostly relevant for neuroanatomical and neuropathological teaching and can be divided in white and gray matter staining techniques. Altogether, brain fixation and staining techniques are rooted in the origins of neuroscience and continue to arouse interest in both preclinical and clinical neuroscientists also nowadays.

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Cortical and Subcortical Anatomy of the Parietal Lobe From the Neurosurgical Perspective

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Sulcal morphology of posteromedial cortex substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees

Sulcal morphology of posteromedial cortex substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees

Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review with Focus on the Visual System

Fixation and staining methods for macroscopical investigation of the brain

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