Corrosion of Materials by Liquid NaK Coolant in a Nuclear Power System

Zhang, J.; Kapernick, Richard J.; Marcille, Thomas F.

doi:10.13182/nse160-75

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is noted that a historical precedent exists for the use and handling of high-temperature molten Na on this scale in the nuclear industry. The Superphénix liquid-metal fast-breeder reactor (LMFBR) operated between 1986 and 1996 in France used more than 5000 tonnes of molten sodium as a coolant [43] while containment materials for molten sodium [118][119][120][121] and fire safety protocols [122][123][124][125] have been devised over 50 ? years of LMFBR development.…”

Section: Safety Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Containment of molten sodium used in a dynamic environment, especially if a temperature gradient exists, is a challenge as the sodium flow promotes the dissolution of metallic elements from the containment material in hot regions and their deposition in cooler regions. This then leaves the molten sodium ready to dissolve more of the containment material during its next pass through the hot zone [43,120]. • Lastly, densified hydride compacts (and their decomposition products) that would be used for CSP and heat pumping applications have been shown to be far less reactive than loose powders [127,128].…”

Section: Safety Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium-based hydrides for thermal energy applications

2016

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Concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) with thermal energy storage (TES) represents an attractive alternative to conventional fossil fuels for base-load power generation. Sodium alanate (NaAlH 4 ) is a well-known sodium-based complex metal hydride but, more recently, high-temperature sodium-based complex metal hydrides have been considered for TES. This review considers the current state of the art for NaH, NaMgH 3-x F x , Na-based transition metal hydrides, NaBH 4 and Na 3 AlH 6 for TES and heat pumping applications. These metal hydrides have a number of advantages over other classes of heat storage materials such as high thermal energy storage capacity, low volume, relatively low cost and a wide range of operating temperatures (100°C to more than 650°C). Potential safety issues associated with the use of high-temperature sodium-based hydrides are also addressed.

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Section: Safety Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safety Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium-based hydrides for thermal energy applications

2016

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“…The amounts of dissolved ions have been increased with increasing pH. For all of the additives, the amount of released copper into the solution increased with the increase in pH [25–26]. The excessive release of copper ions with increase in alkalinity is due to surface interactions and has been reported by many researchers [27–29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Investigation of the corrosion behavior of aluminum bronze alloy in alkaline environment

Asgari

Foratirad

Golabadi

et al. 2021

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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In this study, the effect of amino‐based additives including ammonia, ethanolamine and a mixture of two additives on the pH change of condenser water and corrosion behavior of aluminum bronze alloy as a structural material of condenser were investigated. The results of polarization curves, wheel tests and inductively coupled plasma showed that by increasing the pH from 8.5 to 10.5, the corrosion rate of aluminum bronze alloy and the dissolution rate of alloying elements are increased. The effect of amino‐based additives at the same pH is similar to each other. A comparison of corrosion rates determined by polarization curves. The corrosion rates for solutions contained ammonia and ethanolamine additives at pH = 10.5, were 2.92 ⋅ 10−2 and 4.55 ⋅ 10−2 mm/y respectively. The wheel test results indicated that the corrosion rates of solutions containing different additives increased to 1.1028 mm/y and 0.4504 mm/y for solutions containing ammonia and ethanolamine, respectively. Therefore, due to similar environmental conditions in the condenser and the wheel test because of the presence perturbation and biphasic fluid, it can be concluded that at pH above 10, aluminum bronze alloy has lower corrosion rate in the cooling water containing ethanolamine than ammonia additives.

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“…[25] The corrosion process is identified as a combination of physical and chemical processes. [25] The corrosion process is identified as a combination of physical and chemical processes.…”

Section: Lbe Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead–Bismuth Eutectic (LBE): A Coolant Candidate for Gen. IV Advanced Nuclear Reactor Concepts

Zhang

2013

Adv Eng Mater

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LBE is one of the primary coolant candidates of advanced nuclear reactors. The present review conducts an assessment of the coolant based on a series of liquid metal coolant selection criteria first and then identifies the key concerns of using LBE as the primary coolant of a nuclear reactor. The review focuses on the status of the art of these key concerns: materials degradation, protective oxide layer, and polonium production and control in an LBE coolant system. The review also addresses oxidation kinetics of steels in oxygen-containing LBE, development of oxygen technology and comparisons between LBE and liquid sodium.

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Corrosion of Materials by Liquid NaK Coolant in a Nuclear Power System

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Sodium-based hydrides for thermal energy applications

Sodium-based hydrides for thermal energy applications

Investigation of the corrosion behavior of aluminum bronze alloy in alkaline environment

Lead–Bismuth Eutectic (LBE): A Coolant Candidate for Gen. IV Advanced Nuclear Reactor Concepts

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