Corrosion of high-chrome refractory materials by high-sodium slag in an entrained-flow gasifier

Spalling degradation of Cr2O3‐Al2O3‐ZrO2 refractories for coal‐water slurry gasifier linings: Role of phosphate

“…Previous works of the degradation mechanism about the high chromia refractories used in gasifier considered that erosion, wear, and spalling were the causes of damage 14–16 . Most of them focused on interface erosion, which was easy to achieve in the laboratory, but the results had very limited guidance for industrial applications because excellent corrosion resistance was obvious for chromium oxide refractory 6,17–19 . Many industrial application results of refractories showed that spalling was the fatal damage to the high chromia bricks in gasifiers 5,16,20 .…”

“…[14][15][16] Most of them focused on interface erosion, which was easy to achieve in the laboratory, but the results had very limited guidance for industrial applications because excellent corrosion resistance was obvious for chromium oxide refractory. 6,[17][18][19] Many industrial application results of refractories showed that spalling was the fatal damage to the high chromia bricks in gasifiers. 5,16,20 However, the research reports on spalling were rare, because many industrial application data were difficult to obtain.…”