Corrosion behavior of titanium alloys in acidic and saline media: role of alloy design, passivation integrity, and electrolyte modification

Abstract

This paper presents an overview of the corrosion behavior of titanium (Ti) alloys in both acidic and saline solutions. The solutions covered in this review are essentially the typical electrolytes encountered by Ti alloys when applied under service conditions. Although Ti alloys are generally known to be corrosion resistant, this review identifies strong reducing acids and fluoride-containing solutions as electrolytes that corrode Ti and its alloys. The pathways that the knowledge of the corrosion behavior of Ti alloys have followed from the 1950s to date are captured in this review. Based on this, the different factors influencing the corrosion behavior of Ti alloys are highlighted and the different research concepts for improving the corrosion resistance of Ti alloys in both solutions are discussed. The limitations of these research concepts are mentioned and the directions for future research are proposed.

Corrosion resistance of iron‐containing experimental titanium alloys exposed to simulated body fluids

“…Thus, alloying elements do influence the corrosion behaviour of titanium alloys. [15,18] The severity of the corrosive electrolytes and the complexity of the anions in the electrolytes affect the protectiveness of the passive oxide layer. Complex corrosive media with two or more anions dissolves the passive layer quite easily than an electrolyte with just one anion.…”

“…[ 17 ] Depending on the complexity of corrosion species or whether alloying elements are added to titanium, the configuration of the titanium passive film may be altered. [ 18 ] This affects the overall corrosion behaviour of titanium and its alloys. For example, aluminium and vanadium have been reported to reduce the protectiveness of the titanium oxide layer, whereas ruthenium, molybdenum and palladium improve the protectiveness of the titanium oxide layer.…”

Ultrafine-Grained Ti-31Mo-Type Composites with HA and Ag, Ta2O5 or CeO2 Addition for Implant Applications

“…In the corrosive environment of the tissue and body fluids, implants unexpected local corrosion. The corrosion products in the tissue can create a toxic effect [ 3 ]. The tests in the Ringer solution showed a positive effect on corrosion resistance of the CaP layer formed on ultrafine-grained Ti31Mo composite.…”

“…In the production of dental and orthopedic implants titanium and its alloys are used [ 2 ]. These biomaterials have interesting properties: low density (4.5 g/cm 3 ), low Young modulus (about 100 GPa), high tensile strength (240 MPa), and due to the passive titanium oxide film (TiO 2 ) have acceptable corrosion properties [ 3 ]. On, the other hand, titanium and titanium alloys, due to low hardness, have poor tribological properties [ 4 ].…”

Performance-Based Selection of the Cathode Material for the Electrodeposition-Redox Replacement Process of Gold Recovery from Chloride Solutions

“…Passivation of the titanium electrode surface can be linked to the formation of insulating oxide film that prevents corrosion. [59,60] The change of the apparent slope of the polarization curve around 400 mV indicates the beginning of the oxygen evolution; however, the current density did not increase significantly in the studied potential range. The CRs determined by both methods, i.e., by fitting CPP curves to the Butler-Volmer equation (Eq.…”