Corrigendum to: When I’m 64: Age-Related Variability in Over 40,000 Online Cognitive Test Takers

LaPlume, Annalise A.; Anderson, Nicole; McKetton, Larissa; Levine, Brian; Troyer, Angela K.

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbab207

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These findings are in line with those in studies contrasting younger and older adults (Korkki et al, 2020;Nilakantan et al, 2018;Rhodes et al, 2020a) pointing to a decline in representational quality as one of the earliest signs of age-related episodic memory deficits. This is further supported by the finding that the Rey-Osterrieth Complex These results may explain mixed findings with respect to long-term memory declines in midlife (Cansino, 2009;Cansino et al, 2012;LaPlume et al, 2022;Marrone, 2016). A reduction in representational fidelity would explain why middle-aged adults, similarly to their older counterparts, are impaired relative to younger adults when tasks involve high levels of perceptual and semantic interference (Güsten et al, 2021b;Stark et al, 2013;Williams et al, 2019Williams et al, , 2020, as demonstrated consistently throughout this study on all tasks reliant on detailed perceptual and mnemonic representations.…”

Section: Age-related Declines In Perceptual and Mnemonic Fidelitymentioning

confidence: 68%

Demands on perceptual and mnemonic fidelity are a key determinant of age-related cognitive decline throughout the lifespan

Gellersen¹,

McMaster²,

Abdurahman³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Ageing is associated with less detailed memory recall. We tested whether poorer representational fidelity across perception, short-term and long-term memory (STM/LTM) are among the earliest signs of cognitive ageing. Our paradigm probed target-lure object mnemonic discrimination and precision of object-location binding. In a lifespan sample, cognitive deficits were observed in midlife when complex, detailed stimulus representations were required for perceptual and short/long-term Forced Choice mnemonic discrimination. A continuous metric of object-location source memory combined with computational modelling demonstrated that errors in short- and long-term memory in middle-aged adults were largely driven by a loss of precision for retrieved memories, not necessarily by forgetting. On a trial-by-trial basis, the fidelity of item and spatial information was more tightly bound in long- as opposed to short-term memory with this association being unaffected by ageing. Standard neuropsychological tests without demands on memory quality were less sensitive to age effects than memory precision. Perceptual discrimination predicted mnemonic discrimination across tasks. Neuropsychological proxies for prefrontal executive functions correlated with short-term, but not long-term, memory fidelity. Conversely, neuropsychological indicators of hippocampal integrity correlated with mnemonic discrimination and precision of both STM and LTM, suggesting partially dissociable mechanisms of inter-individual variability in short- and long-term memory fidelity.

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Section: Age-related Declines In Perceptual and Mnemonic Fidelitymentioning

confidence: 68%

Demands on perceptual and mnemonic fidelity are a key determinant of age-related cognitive decline throughout the lifespan

Gellersen¹,

McMaster²,

Abdurahman³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These results may explain mixed findings with respect to LTM declines in midlife (Cansino, 2009; Cansino et al, 2012; LaPlume et al, 2022; Park & Festini, 2016). A reduction in representational fidelity would explain why middle-aged adults, similarly to their older counterparts, are impaired relative to younger adults when tasks involve high levels of perceptual and semantic interference (Güsten et al, 2021; Stark et al, 2013; Williams et al, 2019, 2020), as demonstrated consistently throughout this study on all tasks reliant on detailed perceptual and mnemonic representations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Demands on perceptual and mnemonic fidelity are a key determinant of age-related cognitive decline throughout the lifespan.

Gellersen,

McMaster,

Abdurahman

et al. 2024

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Aging results in less detailed memories, reflecting reduced fidelity of remembered compared to real-world representations. We tested whether poorer representational fidelity across perception, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM) are among the earliest signs of cognitive aging. Our paradigm probed target–lure object mnemonic discrimination and precision of object-location binding. Across the lifespan, cognitive deficits were observed in midlife when detailed stimulus representations were required for perceptual and short/long-term forced choice mnemonic discrimination. A continuous metric of object-location source memory combined with computational modeling demonstrated that errors in STM and LTM in middle-aged adults were largely driven by a loss of precision for retrieved memories, not necessarily by forgetting. On a trial-by-trial basis, fidelity of item and spatial information was more tightly bound in LTM compared to STM with this association being unaffected by age. Standard neuropsychological tests without demands on memory quality (digit span, verbal learning) were less sensitive to age effects than STM and LTM precision. Perceptual discrimination predicted mnemonic discrimination. Neuropsychological proxies for prefrontal executive functions correlated with STM, but not LTM fidelity. Conversely, neuropsychological indicators of hippocampal integrity correlated with mnemonic discrimination and precision of both STM and LTM, suggesting partially dissociable mechanisms of interindividual variability in STM and LTM fidelity. These findings suggest that reduced representational fidelity is a hallmark of cognitive aging across perception, STM, and LTM and can be observed from midlife onward. Continuous memory precision tasks may be promising for the early detection of subtle age-related cognitive decline.

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Unexpected cognitive similarities between older adults and young people: Scores variability and cognitive performances

Jardim,

Bento-Torres,

Tomás

et al. 2024

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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Corrigendum to: When I’m 64: Age-Related Variability in Over 40,000 Online Cognitive Test Takers

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Demands on perceptual and mnemonic fidelity are a key determinant of age-related cognitive decline throughout the lifespan

Demands on perceptual and mnemonic fidelity are a key determinant of age-related cognitive decline throughout the lifespan

Demands on perceptual and mnemonic fidelity are a key determinant of age-related cognitive decline throughout the lifespan.

Unexpected cognitive similarities between older adults and young people: Scores variability and cognitive performances

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