Corrigendum: characterization and expression of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> endo‐polygalacturonases <i>in vitro</i> and during wheat infection

Tomassini, A.; Sella, Luca; Raiola, Alessandro; D’Ovidio, R.; Favaron, Francesco

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02460.x

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Pectin-degrading enzymes, such as polygalacturonases and pectate lyases (PLs), are the primary cell-degrading enzymes secreted by pathogens, which can expose more polymers that need to be degraded by other cell-degrading enzymes [39,40]. PLs are thought to be important pathogenic factors for phytopathogens [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifically Expressed Genes of the Nematode Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus Involved with Early Interactions with Pine Trees

Qiu

Huang

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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As the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causes huge economic losses by devastating pine forests worldwide. However, the pathogenesis-related genes of B. xylophilus are not well characterized. Thus, DNA microarrays were used to investigate differential gene expression in PWN where Pinus thunbergii was inoculated with nematodes, compared with those cultured on Botrytis cinerea. The microarrays comprised 31121 probes, 1310 (4.2%) of which were differentially regulated (changes of >2-fold, P < 0.01) in the two growth conditions. Of these 1310 genes, 633 genes were upregulated, whereas 677 genes were downregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) categories were assigned to the classes Cellular Component, Molecular Function, and Biological Process. The comparative gene expression analysis showed that a large number of the pathogenesis-related genes of B. xylophilus, such as pectate lyase genes, cytochrome P450s, UGTs, and ABC transporter genes, were highly expressed when B. xylophilus infected P. thunbergii. Annotation analysis indicated that these genes contributed to cell wall degradation, detoxification, and the reproduction process. The microarray results were validated using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The microarray data confirmed the specific expression of B. xylophilus genes during infection of P. thunbergii, which provides basic information that facilitates a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of PWD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifically Expressed Genes of the Nematode Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus Involved with Early Interactions with Pine Trees

Qiu

Huang

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…2002). Recently, we studied expression of the two PGs encoded by the F. graminearum genome (PG1 and PG2) in the early events of wheat spike infection (Tomassini et al. 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic expression of polygalacturonase‐inhibiting proteins in Arabidopsis and wheat increases resistance to the flower pathogen Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2011

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Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide, resulting in yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. The molecular mechanisms regulating Fusarium penetration and infection are poorly understood. Beside mycotoxin production, cell wall degradation may play a role in the development of FHB. Many fungal pathogens secrete polygalacturonases (PGs) during the early stages of infection, and plants have evolved polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) to restrict pectin degradation during fungal infection. To investigate the role of plant PGIPs in restricting the development of FHB symptoms, we first used Arabidopsis thaliana, whose genome encodes two PGIPs (AtPGIP1 and AtPGIP2). Arabidopsis transgenic plants expressing either of these PGIPs under control of the CaMV 35S promoter accumulate inhibitory activity against F. graminearum PG in their inflorescences, and show increased resistance to FHB. Second, transgenic wheat plants expressing the bean PvPGIP2 in their flowers also had a significant reduction of symptoms when infected with F. graminearum. Our data suggest that PGs likely play a role in F. graminearum infection of floral tissues, and that PGIPs incorporated into wheat may be important for increased resistance to FHB.

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“…However, in these cases, pathogens can use this opportunity to feed on dead cells and gain nutrients and with that they may become even more invasive (Greenberg and Yao 2004). The first class of cell wall hydrolases produced by the pathogen is the pectinases (Tomassini et al 2009). They are thought to loosen the tissue through digestion of the middle lamella and consequently kill the plant cells that they attack (Cooper 1983).…”

Section: Cell Wall Degradation During Plant-microorganism Interactionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Using Natural Plant Cell Wall Degradation Mechanisms to Improve Second Generation Bioethanol

Grandis

Souza

Tavares

et al. 2013

Plants and BioEnergy

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Cell wall hydrolysis is one of the key processes needed for development of the technology for second-generation (2G) bioethanol production. Thus, finding and characterizing enzymes that can deal with the complexity of the walls has been the main focus of research. As a result, data on pretreatments of many kinds and performances of enzyme cocktails containing glycosyl hydrolases from microorganisms are becoming quickly available. Here we propose that the efficiency of the 2G process could be increased even further by acquiring control of mechanisms that plants themselves use to degrade their own walls, so that wall loosening provoked by such processes would decrease the energy demand for pretreatments and facilitate hydrolysis. The examined in this chapter are plant-microorganism interaction, cell wall storage mobilization, fruit ripening, abscission, and aerenchyma formation. These systems are seen as having in common the use of modules that are coupled sequentially in order to lead to cell wall modification, including hydrolysis, for performance of different biological functions. These modules are (1) target cells perception of a message from the hormonal balance, (2) cell separation, (3) cell expansion, (4) programmed cell death, (5) hemicellulose-cellulose relaxation/hydrolysis and (6) cellulose hydrolysis. We propose that the use of synthetic biology to transform bioenergy feedstocks could be a route to increase the efficiency of 2G processes. IntroductionThe main bioethanol producers in the world are the US and Brazil, the former producing it from maize starch and the second from sucrose from sugarcane culms. In order to increase bioethanol production without increasing acreage, second

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Corrigendum: characterization and expression of Fusarium graminearum endo‐polygalacturonases in vitro and during wheat infection

Abstract: Corrigendum to: Rogers SL, Atkins SD, West JS, 2009. Detection and quantification of airborne inoculum of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using quantitative PCR. Plant Pathology 58: 324-331.

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Specifically Expressed Genes of the Nematode Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus Involved with Early Interactions with Pine Trees

Specifically Expressed Genes of the Nematode Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus Involved with Early Interactions with Pine Trees

Transgenic expression of polygalacturonase‐inhibiting proteins in Arabidopsis and wheat increases resistance to the flower pathogen Fusarium graminearum

Using Natural Plant Cell Wall Degradation Mechanisms to Improve Second Generation Bioethanol

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