Correlations of stratospheric abundances of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O derived from ATMOS measurements

Michelsen, Hope A.; Manney, G. L.; Gunson, M. R.; Rinsland, C. P.; Zander, Rodolphe

doi:10.1029/98gl01977

Cited by 117 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(8 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

192

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The HNO 3 evaporation from these large particles at lower altitudes may explain the enhancements in the NOy gas phase abundance as observed by the DC-8 [Huebler et al, 1990]. Despite these indications of local denitrification in the Arctic, it is clear that mixing processes can lead to variations in the nitric acid abundance that can be mistaken for denitrification [Michelsen et al, 1998;Kondo et al, 1999]. Hence it is not evident from present in situ data sets that denitrification is a widespread phenomena in the Arctic.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Analysis of lidar observations of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during January 1989

Toon¹,

Tabazadeh²,

Browell³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present analyses of lidar backscatter and depolarization ratios for polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) observed during the 1989 Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Experiment. The backscatter and depolarization ratios are available at one visible and one infrared wavelength. Water ice PSCs were identified at low ambient temperatures based upon their relatively large backscattering and depolarization ratios. The remaining clouds fall into four major categories. First, we observe a class of clouds that are not depolarizing at either of the two wavelengths. These clouds are identified as Type 1 b PSCs, which are assumed to be composed of ternary solutions of H2SO4/HNO•/H20. Type 1 b clouds were never dominant, though on some dates they accounted for 25 to 40 % of the observations. We find from the wavelength dependence of the backscattering by these clouds that their size distributions must be very narrow. Other optical observations of these clouds should consider the possible impact of these narrow size distributions on their data analysis. These clouds have a relatively large total particulate mass that is comparable to the known gas phase reservoir of nitric acid. The number density of Type lb particles is similar to the concentrations of the ambient sulfate aerosols. The second category of clouds is highly depolarizing at both lidar wavelengths, but has relatively low backscattering ratios. We identify these clouds as Type 1 a PSCs (assumed to be nitric acid tri-or dihydrate) which form only on a small subset by number, approximately 1% or less, of the ambient sulfate aerosols. These clouds were the first to be observed, and were especially co•n•non on the first few flights. They accounted for more than 70% of the observations on three flights. Type l a particles are near 1 •m or larger in radius. The third type of cloud is depolarizing at visible wavelengths, but not at near infrared wavelengths. These clouds were seen during portions of nearly every flight and comprised 10 to 25% of all of the observations. These clouds, which we refer to as Type 1 c, are composed of small, solid particles. These clouds contain a relatively large mass of material, comparable to the gas phase reservoir of nitric acid. Type 1 c particles are a few tenths of a micrometer in radius and have a concentration that is similar to that of the ambient sulfate aerosols. The final class of clouds has no depolarization at the lidar's visible wavelength but has significant depolarization at the infrared wavelength. Such particles were seen on many of the flights and sometimes accounted for as much as 30% of all the observations. We interpret these clouds as being mixtures of Type 1 a and 1 b PSCs. Although some polar stratospheric clouds have fairly homogeneous properties over very large spatial scales, many have variable properties at relatively small scales. Thus the various types of particles are often observed within a single cloud. Homogeneous clouds composed only of solid particles seem inconsistent with a wave cloud origin. How...

show abstract

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Analysis of lidar observations of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during January 1989

Toon¹,

Tabazadeh²,

Browell³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For NO 2 , CMAM tends to agree with the sunrise NO 2 measurements, but is somewhat higher than the NO 2 measured at sunset. The MANTRA measurements are consistent with the compact correlation between CH 4 and N 2 O seen in the lower stratosphere in the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) experiment measurements (Michelsen et al, 1998), which is well reproduced by CMAM. However, CMAM appears to overestimate the NO y :N 2 O correlation for mid-latitudes and overestimates NO y during the mid-latitude summer above 20 km.…”

Section: Mantra Results a Measurementssupporting

confidence: 73%

MANTRA ‐ A Balloon Mission to Study the Odd‐Nitrogen Budget of the Stratosphere

Strong¹,

Bailak

Barton³

et al. 2005

Atmosphere-Ocean

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[6] Mixing across the polar vortex edge impacts any empirical method to determine chemical O 3 loss and was considered problematic for TRAC [Michelsen et al, 1998;Plumb et al, 2000], especially in the more dynamically active Arctic. On must be cautious applying TRAC to data from CCMs which may exhibit high numerical diffusivity.…”

Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Lemmen¹,

Dameris²,

Müller³

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the recent WMO assessment of ozone depletion, the minimum ozone column is used to assess the evolution of the polar ozone layer simulated in several chemistry‐climate models (CCMs). The ozone column may be strongly influenced by changes in transport and is therefore not well‐suited to identify changes in chemistry. The quantification of chemical ozone depletion can be achieved with tracer‐tracer correlations (TRAC). For forty Antarctic winters (1960–1999), we present the seasonal chemical depletion simulated with the ECHAM4.L39(DLR)/CHEM model. Analyzing methane–ozone correlations, we find a mean chemical ozone loss of 80 ± 10 DU during the 1990s, with a maximum of 94 DU. Compared to ozone loss deduced from HALOE measurements the model underestimates chemical loss by 37%. The average multidecadal trend in loss from 1960 to 1999 is 17 ± 3 DU per decade. The largest contribution to this trend comes from the 62 ± 11 DU ozone loss increase between the 1970s and 1990s.

show abstract

Correlations of stratospheric abundances of CH₄ and N₂O derived from ATMOS measurements

Cited by 117 publications

References 22 publications

Analysis of lidar observations of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during January 1989

Analysis of lidar observations of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during January 1989

MANTRA ‐ A Balloon Mission to Study the Odd‐Nitrogen Budget of the Stratosphere

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Correlations of stratospheric abundances of CH4 and N2O derived from ATMOS measurements

Cited by 117 publications

References 22 publications

Analysis of lidar observations of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during January 1989

Analysis of lidar observations of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during January 1989

MANTRA ‐ A Balloon Mission to Study the Odd‐Nitrogen Budget of the Stratosphere

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Correlations of stratospheric abundances of CH₄ and N₂O derived from ATMOS measurements