Correlations among atmospheric elements, airborne particulate matter, benzene extracts, benzo(a)pyrene, NO, NO2 and so2 concentrations in Japan

Fukino, Hideki; Mimura, Shuji; Inoue, Kazuhito; Yamane, Yasuhiro

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(84)90074-x

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP) has been used for many years as a carcinogenic indicator of air pollution, owing to its strong carcinogenic effect, its relative abundance in the air, and its strong correlation with other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ( , ). Several reports, however, have shown that the BaP concentration in the air greatly decreased under the shift of fuel from coal to oil during the 1960s and 1970s ( − ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Trends of Particulate Mutagenic Activity in the Atmosphere of Sapporo. 1. Determination of Mutagenic Activity by the Conventional Tester Strains TA98 and TA100 during an 18-Year Period (1974−1992)

Matsumoto

Sakai

Kato

et al. 1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The Ames Salmonella mutagenicity bioassay using strains TA98 and TA100 of airborne particulates from Sapporo, Japan, was studied over an 18-year period starting in 1974. Measurements of mutagenicity and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), as well as other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbones (PAHs), were performed on organic extracts which were prepared from seasonal particulate composites of high-volume filter samples for each year. The average contribution of BaP to total indirect-acting mutagenic activity was 1.8% for strain TA98 and 3.5% for strain TA100. During the measurement period, BaP concentrations showed a large decline (to 25-20% their initial values), while indirectacting mutagenic activity showed a moderate decline (to 66-50% their initial values) and direct-acting mutagenic activity did not show any clear increase or decrease. This clearly indicates that there was almost no change in the amount of exposure to mutagenic substances as a whole. A qualitative change was clearly seen in mutagens, being indicated by the continuous increase in the ratio of direct-acting to indirect-acting mutagenic activity (-S9/ +S9 ratio) during the sampling period. Furthermore, these results suggest that, in the long term, BaP may not always be an appropriate indicator of the effect of air pollution on human health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Trends of Particulate Mutagenic Activity in the Atmosphere of Sapporo. 1. Determination of Mutagenic Activity by the Conventional Tester Strains TA98 and TA100 during an 18-Year Period (1974−1992)

Matsumoto

Sakai

Kato

et al. 1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The detected Cu and Zn peaks may be partially attributed to our SEM stage consisting of a brass material. The airborne particles are thus considered to be mostly metals and/or metal oxides, according to our elemental analysis. − As metal particles and metal oxide particles are mechanically quite solid and are not flattened at the bonding interface even in highly pressed bonding processes, such particles would be a substantial obstacle in the formation of bonds. Therefore, it is very important to minimize the number of particles on the bonding surface to provide better interfacial properties.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Semiconductor Wafer Bonding in Non-Cleanroom Environment: Understanding the Environmental Influences on Bonding

Inoue

Takehara

Naito

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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We investigated semiconductor direct wafer bonding in a regular, non-cleanroom environment to understand environmental influences on bonding characteristics. The correlations among surface treatments, particle densities, bonding strengths, and interfacial conductivities were systematically investigated. On the basis of our investigation and condition optimization, we realized direct semiconductor bonding in the regular atmosphere with high interfacial mechanical stabilities and electrical conductivities, sufficient for device applications. Furthermore, we demonstrated fabrication and operation of solar cells using the developed bonding technique, with current paths across the bonded interfaces. These results and related technical insights may be useful for a low-cost, simpler manufacture of high-performance electrical and optical devices.

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Elemental carbon and lead content of fine particles from American and French cities of comparable size and industry, 1985

Delumyea

Kalivretenos

1987

Atmospheric Environment (1967)

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Correlations among atmospheric elements, airborne particulate matter, benzene extracts, benzo(a)pyrene, NO, NO2 and so2 concentrations in Japan

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Long-Term Trends of Particulate Mutagenic Activity in the Atmosphere of Sapporo. 1. Determination of Mutagenic Activity by the Conventional Tester Strains TA98 and TA100 during an 18-Year Period (1974−1992)

Long-Term Trends of Particulate Mutagenic Activity in the Atmosphere of Sapporo. 1. Determination of Mutagenic Activity by the Conventional Tester Strains TA98 and TA100 during an 18-Year Period (1974−1992)

Direct Semiconductor Wafer Bonding in Non-Cleanroom Environment: Understanding the Environmental Influences on Bonding

Elemental carbon and lead content of fine particles from American and French cities of comparable size and industry, 1985

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