Correlation of Ultrasonographic Parameters with Serum Creatinine in Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Objective:The purpose of our study is to correlate renal echogenicity with serum creatinine in order to determine the significance of renal echogenicity when it comes to identifying the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and for the sonographic grading of CKD.Materials and Methods:Sixty patients above 30 years of age who had been diagnosed with CKD according to the guidelines of the National Kidney Foundation were included in the study. Patients on kidney replacement therapy or with fatty liver findings on ultrasonography were excluded. Ultrasounds of kidneys were performed by two radiologists who were blind to the patients’ serum creatinine levels. Renal cortical echogenicity was compared with serum creatinine. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test. The relationship between serum creatinine and sonographic features was assessed by correlation coefficient analysis. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Mean serum creatinine was 2.80 mg/dl for Grade 1 (range: 0.9-9.2 mg/dl), 3.69 mg/dl for Grade 2 (range: 1.2-10.3 mg/dl), 3.86 mg/dl for Grade 3 (range: 1.1-6.5 mg/dl), and 7.90 mg/dl for Grade 4 (range: 3.1-11.4 mg/dl). The grades being determined by cortical echogenicity on imaging A statistically significant, positive correlation was observed between serum creatinine and grading based on cortical echogenicity (P = 0.004).Conclusion:Renal echogenicity and its grading correlates better with serum creatinine in CKD than other sonographic parameters such as longitudinal size, parenchymal thickness, and cortical thickness. Hence, renal echogenicity is a better parameter than serum creatinine for estimating renal function in CKD, and has the added advantage of irreversibility.

Grayscale ultrasound characteristics of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease severity – an adult and pediatric cohort study

“…Similar results were obtained by Siddappa et al in a study group of patients over 30 years of age (17) .…”

Renal ultrasonographic abnormalities are associated with low glomerular filtration rate calculated by scintigraphy in dogs

“…Change of the parenchymal echogenicity showed the highest sensitivity for low IKGFR/PV, and this is in agreement with the conclusion of a recent human kidney study that found that estimated GFR negatively correlated with parenchymal echogenicity in CKD . Increased renal echogenicity in CKD is histologically related to glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis, and these histological changes responsible for increased parenchymal echogenicity suggest a permanent decrease of renal function . Despite of this, a change in renal parenchyma echogenicity is not always predictive of irreversible renal lesions, since it is also detected in other renal diseases .…”

“…43 Increased renal echogenicity in CKD is histologically related to glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis, and these histological changes responsible for increased parenchymal echogenicity suggest a permanent decrease of renal function. 44 Despite of this, a change in renal parenchyma echogenicity is not always predictive of irreversible renal lesions, since it is also detected in other renal diseases. 45 Furthermore, in a study of 117 dogs generalized changes in renal parenchymal echogenicity did not correspond to specific histopathological diagnoses of kidney disease.…”

The correlation between creatinine serum with total iron binding capacity (TIBC) on patients with sufferers chronic renal disease in Gambiran regional public hospital Kediri city

“…CKD can be diagnosed by its pathological abnormalities, changes in the levels of kidney function markers in the blood or urine, or by imaging investigations. 2 Chronic kidney disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world wide. In India, there is a rising incidence and prevalence of kidney failure, with poor outcomes and high cost.…”