Correlation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment Index and Adiponectin, Leptin and Insulin Levels to Body Mass Index-Associated Gene Polymorphisms in Adolescents

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to describe correlations between glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index with regards to the presence/absence of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-y rs1801282 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as indicators of body mass index in adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2016 in Toluca, Mexico. A total of 71 students between 14–18 years old were included. Various anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected, including lipid profile, glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and HOMA index. The degree of association between variables was evaluated with regards to the presence/absence of the SNPs. Results: Leptin levels were significantly higher among female students (P = 0.001), although adiponectin levels did not differ significantly (P = 0.060). There were significant positive correlations between insulin levels and HOMA index with FTO (r = 0.391; P = 0.007 and r = 0.413; P = 0.005, respectively) and PPARγ (r = 0.529; P = 0.007 and r = 0.537; P = 0.007, respectively) SNPs. Leptin showed a significant positive correlation in the presence of PPARγ (r = 0.483; P = 0.007) or in the absence of both SNPs (r = 0.627; P = 0.039). However, adiponectin was significantly negatively correlated in the presence of FTO, either alone (r = −0.333; P = 0.024) or in combination with PPARγ (r = −0.616; P = 0.043). Conclusion: The presence of FTO and/or PPARγ SNPs might be related to a genetic predisposition to metabolic syndrome.Keywords: Obesity; Body Mass Index; Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms; Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Protein, Human; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma; Adipokines.

Analysis of Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations in Saliva in a Selected Population of Children Aged 10-13 Years in the Silesia Province (Poland)

“…Leptin concentrations showed a positive correlation in the context of the presence of PPARγ polymorphism (r=0.483; p=0.007) regardless of the presence or absence of SNP (r=0.627; p=0.039). Therefore, it seems that the presence of the studied gene polymorphisms may be associated with a genetic predisposition to metabolic syndrome in adolescents [25].…”

Association of dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome with serum ferritin levels: a middle eastern population-based cross-sectional study

“…Therefore, for the purpose of our analysis, patients were categorized as diabetes, or PreD (Diabetes and Prediabetes). IR was assessed using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) equation; HOMA-IR = (fasting insulin (µU/L) × fasting glucose (mmol/L))/22.5 23 . Unfortunately, no population-based studies have been conducted in Qatar or GCC countries to determine the cut-off value of HOMA-IR.…”

Combined effects of moderate exercise and short-term fasting on markers of immune function in healthy human subjects

“…Also, immediately and 1 h after exercise, there were significant decreases in insulin concentrations in NFA-T subjects, which guarantees peripheral glucose availability, where entry into contracting muscle cells is supported by enhanced translocation of glucose transporter type 4 molecules (GLUT4) (34). Furthermore, a decline in leptin levels after exercise in NFA-T might have been affected by circulatory levels of insulin (22), as both leptin and insulin levels declined after exercise in NFA-T. Considering the consequence of the circulating leptin levels on inflammation, it might be speculated that the control of its bioavailability through short-term fasting and/or exercise might have favorable health benefits in immune᎑mediated inflammatory disease.…”