Correlation of Orthodontic Treatment by Fixed or Myofunctional Appliances and Periodontitis: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Introduction Malocclusion plays an important role in the development of periodontitis. Thus, by treating malocclusion, a good gingival health can be achieved. This study was conducted to establish the correlation between orthodontic tooth movement and periodontitis. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study conducted on 220 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment for malocclusion. They were divided into two groups: Group I patients were treated with fixed orthodontics, while group II patients received myofunctional appliances. Results The value for plaque, gingival recession, and tooth mobility significantly increased in group I patients. However, the difference was statistically nonsignificant in group II patients. Conclusion The authors concluded that there is correlation between malocclusion and periodontitis. Malocclusion leads to periodontitis. Clinical significance Malocclusion is the main reason for the development of poor periodontal health. Combined effort has to be played by both periodontist and orthodontist for the treatment of various orthodontic-periodontal problems. How to cite this article Sharma K, Mangat S, Kichorchandra MS, Handa A, Bindhumadhav S, Meena M. Correlation of Orthodontic Treatment by Fixed or Myofunctional Appliances and Periodontitis: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(4):322-325.

Prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic treatment of infraversion and open bite

“…However, the effect of orthodontic treatment on gingival atrophy is controversial. Some scholars have found that correct orthodontic treatment can help to improve gingival recession, whereas other scholars believe that orthodontic treatment can cause or aggravate gingival recession [ 14 , 15 ]. These studies have not involved teeth with low occlusal function; thus, the effect of orthodontic treatment on gingival status in patients with low occlusal function is unclear.…”

Relationship Between Orthodontic Treatment and Gingival Recession: A Mini-Review

“…Nevertheless, patients with a prior history of periodontitis should undergo treatment for the disease before initiating orthodontic tooth movement [10]. It is therefore recommended to conduct a thorough periodontal examination before and during orthodontic treatment to monitor the condition of periodontal tissues [5,12].…”

“…An Orthodontic treatment is essential for resolving malocclusion and improving oral hygiene by removing plaque, improving occlusal stability, and harmonizing with perioral muscles to eliminate dysfunction [4,5]. Moreover, it has been reported that the elimination of malocclusion increases self-esteem and social acceptance, which has a significant impact on the quality of life [6].…”

Mandibular incisor inclination and gingival recession after treatment with the Jasper Jumper: a 10-year follow-up

“…Gingival recession consists in apical displacement of the gingival margin leading to esthetic problems, dentin hypersensitivity and possible development of erosion and caries lesions [ 9 ]. Many factors are associated with gingival recessions and previous studies related to gingival recession and orthodontic movement [ 10 , 11 ]. A possible explanation for gingival recession after orthodontic treatment is bone dehiscence development related to tooth movement against the labial/buccal bone plate.…”

“…A possible explanation for gingival recession after orthodontic treatment is bone dehiscence development related to tooth movement against the labial/buccal bone plate. In this context, labial movement of mandibular incisors promoted by fixed functional appliances would be a predisposing factor for gingival recessions in the long term [ 10 ]. According to Garib et al [ 12 ], incisor buccolingual movements are considered the most critical orthodontic movement predisposing to bone dehiscence.…”