Correlation of olfactory dysfunction of different etiologies in MRI and comparison with subjective and objective olfactometry

Goektas, Oender; Fleiner, Franca; Sedlmaier, B.; Bauknecht, Hans-Christian

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.10.039

Cited by 30 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We were able to observe a correlation between olfactory-evoked potential latencies and bulb volume in patients with MS. We have previously reported a correlation in patients with post-viral, post-traumatic, and idiopathic olfactory dysfunction [20]. In the reported study, patients with a smaller olfactory bulb volume exhibited longer H 2 S latencies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

MRI Study: Objective Olfactory Function and CNS Pathologies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Holinski¹,

Schmidt²,

Dahlslett³

et al. 2014

Eur Neurol

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by CNS lesions causing physical and cognitive impairment. Using psychophysical testing, an olfactory disorder is diagnosed in 15-38.5% of patients with MS. Olfactometry permits objective testing of the sensory nerve function. Methods: The study looked at 20 patients with MS. Clinical, olfactory (chemosensory evoked potentials), and MRI data (volume of the bulbus olfactorius (BO), olfactory brain (OB), lesions in the CNS) were analyzed. Results: 25 percent of patients were hyposmic, exhibiting higher OB lesion volumes and smaller bulb volumes. H₂S and CO₂ latencies and the BO volume (inversely) correlated with the volume and number of MS lesions of the olfactory brain in all patients. Patients with a smaller olfactory bulb volume exhibited longer H₂S latencies (p = 0.025). Conclusion: A relationship between olfactory bulb volume, olfactory brain lesion load, and objective olfactory function testing in MS patients was investigated in all patients. Our data shows that brain damage characteristic of MS, including reduced bulb volume, causes an increase in chemosensory potential latencies and an olfactory function deficit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

MRI Study: Objective Olfactory Function and CNS Pathologies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Holinski¹,

Schmidt²,

Dahlslett³

et al. 2014

Eur Neurol

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“…If all stimuli showed an evoked P2 potential the patient was classified normosmic. If one side did not show any potential the patient was categorized hyposmic and if both sides did not show any response the patient was considered complete anosmic [16].…”

Section: Main Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological and electrophysiological testing of olfactory and gustatory function in patients with multiple sclerosis

Dahlslett

Goektas

Schmidt

et al. 2011

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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The olfactory (OF) and gustatory function in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and possible influencing variables of the disease, such as depression or fatigue, were determined. In an open prospective controlled clinical study 30 patients with MS and 30 healthy controls matched for age, sex and smoking-habits were investigated. With Mini Mental State Examination cognitive dysfunction was excluded, with Expanded Disability Status Scale the patient's ability to accomplish the tests was ensured. The severity of depression was measured with the self-reported Beck Depression Inventory. The orthonasal olfactory function was derived with olfactory event related potentials (OERP) and TDI-score (Threshold, Discrimination and Identification, Sniffin' Sticks). Retronasal olfactory function was tested with Taste-Powder-score, gustatory function with Taste-strip-score. There was a significant loss of olfactory function measured with TDI-score [12/30 (40%), p = 0.002] and gustatory function [5/23 (21.7%), p \ 0.001] in MS-patients, 23.8% (5/21) of MS-patients showed hyposmia with OERPs, significantly correlating with the TDI-score (p = 0.03). The Expanded Disability Status scale score inversely correlated with the TDI-score (p = 0.002). This study confirms the incidence of olfactory disorder in MS-patients and reveals a frequent gustatory deficit. The Identification subtest can be proposed as a marker of the OF in MS-patients: it includes complex cognitive tasks and may be influenced by depression and fatigue, which are common symptoms of MS. It inversely correlates with the disability status.

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“…This treatment success was accompanied by high overall patient satisfaction with a median score of 8 [5][6][7][8][9] in the entire sample of patients: 8 [5.75-8.25] in the study group and 7 [5-9.5] in the control group. Concerning the impact of co-variables on the outcome after ITR, regression analysis revealed the initial TDI score to have a statistically significant influence (r c = -0.36, P = 0.05), indicating that lower initial scores resulted in higher postoperative increases in TDI.…”

Section: Postoperative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Olfactory function was assessed using the ''Sniffin' Sticks'' test battery. VAS showed very low median values for intraoperative pain (0) [0-1.20] and high postoperative patient satisfaction (8) [5][6][7][8][9]. After 2 months there was no significant improvement of objective olfactory function as measured by the TDI score (threshold, discrimination and identification).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sinonasal disease, upper respiratory tract infection and head trauma still seem to be the main aetiology for olfactory disorders [3,4]. Diagnostic of olfactory disorders using standardized test battery [5,6], olfactory evoked potentials [7,8] and MRI [9] gain in importance but the therapeutic options available in the treatment of olfactory disorders are still disappointing [2], whereas medical or operative treatment of nasal obstruction is well demonstrated in literature [10]. The purpose of our prospective study was to evaluate the outcomes of an outpatient-based diode laser inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) in patients with olfactory dysfunction and hypertrophic inferior turbinate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Laser Treatment on Olfactory Dysfunction

Göktas

Lau

Fleiner

2011

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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Olfactory disorders are not rare and affect quality of life in patients. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the outcomes of an outpatient-based diode laser inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) in otherwise therapyrefractory olfactory disorder. In a prospective clinical investigation, 20 patients (7 male, 13 female, mean age 53.2 ± 15.34) with olfactory disorder and 10 patients (8 male, 2 female, mean age 52.5 ± 17.55) without olfactory disorder underwent ITR under videoendoscopic control with a continuous diode laser in ''contact'' mode after topical anesthetic preparation. Treatment efficiency was assessed before and 2 months after surgery. Subjective nasal airflow (NA) and the olfactory function were rated by means of visual analogue scales (VAS). Olfactory function was assessed using the ''Sniffin' Sticks'' test battery. VAS showed very low median values for intraoperative pain (0) [0-1.20] and high postoperative patient satisfaction (8) [5][6][7][8][9]. After 2 months there was no significant improvement of objective olfactory function as measured by the TDI score (threshold, discrimination and identification). The VAS displayed a slight significant improvement in the group of patients with olfactory disorder from 2.95 to 3.65 (P = 0.04). After 2 months, NA data revealed a statistically significant improvement of subjective VAS from 5.05 to 6.25 (P \ 0.0005) and of objective NA from 353.77 to 443.50 (P = 0.007) as measured by rhinomanometry in both groups. Outpatient diode laser ITR represents an effective option providing recovery by NA improvement but not a significant improvement of the olfactory function.

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Correlation of olfactory dysfunction of different etiologies in MRI and comparison with subjective and objective olfactometry

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

MRI Study: Objective Olfactory Function and CNS Pathologies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

MRI Study: Objective Olfactory Function and CNS Pathologies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Psychophysiological and electrophysiological testing of olfactory and gustatory function in patients with multiple sclerosis

Effect of Laser Treatment on Olfactory Dysfunction

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