Correlation of magnesium intake with metabolic parameters, depression and physical activity in elderly type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus is a major global public health problem in the worldwide and is increasing in aging populations. Magnesium intake may be one of the most important factors for diabetes prevention and management. Low magnesium intake may exacerbate metabolic abnormalities. In this study, the relationships of magnesium intake with metabolic parameters, depression and physical activity in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 210 type 2 diabetes patients aged 65 years and above. Participants were interviewed to obtain information on lifestyle and 24-hour dietary recall. Assessment of depression was based on DSM-IV criteria. Clinical variables measured included anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and biochemical determinations of blood and urine samples. Linear regression was applied to determine the relationships of magnesium intake with nutritional variables and metabolic parameters.ResultsAmong all patients, 88.6% had magnesium intake which was less than the dietary reference intake, and 37.1% had hypomagnesaemia. Metabolic syndromes and depression were associated with lower magnesium intake (p < 0.05). A positive relationship was found between magnesium intake and HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.005). Magnesium intake was inversely correlated with triglyceride, waist circumference, body fat percent and body mass index (p < 0.005). After controlling confounding factor, HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher with increasing quartile of magnesium intake (p for trend = 0005). Waist circumference, body fat percentage, and body mass index were significantly lower with increase quartile of magnesium intake (p for trend < 0.001). The odds of depression, central obesity, high body fat percentage, and high body mass index were significantly lower with increasing quartile of magnesium intake (p for trend < 0.05). In addition, magnesium intake was related to high physical activity level and demonstrated lower serum magnesium levels. Serum magnesium was not significantly associated with metabolic parameters.ConclusionsThe majority of elderly type 2 diabetes who have low magnesium intake may compound this deficiency with metabolic abnormalities and depression. Future studies should determine the effects of increased magnesium intake or magnesium supplementation on metabolic control and depression in elderly people with type 2 diabetes.

Serum magnesium in relation with obesity

“…[19] The mean of intra mononuclear magnesium was lower in patients with obesity (P = 0.04*). [20] Serum magnesium also found to be negatively correlated with obesity. [21] Magnesium intake was inversely correlated with WC, body fat percent and body mass index (P < 0.005*) in a cross-sectional study involved 210 type 2 diabetes patients aged 65 years and above.…”

Hypomagnesemia and its relation with chronic low-grade inflammation in obesity

“…27 hypoMagneseMia and loW-grade chronic inflaMMation The literature has shown that the diet of obese individuals has reduced magnesium content, which is a nutritional problem of great relevance. 28,29 Huang et al 30 and Song et al 31 found that dietary intake of magnesium is inversely proportional to body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage.…”

Magnesium Intake and Depression in Adults

“…[12][13][14]19 Because these studies were conducted outside of the United States, their results should be validated in a US population. One longitudinal study 20 did not find an inverse relationship, although the study was underpowered to detect a significant reduction in depression.…”