Correlation of ethylene synthesis in Citrus fruits and their susceptibility to Alternaria alternata pv. citri

Yeasts from native Brazilian Cerrado plants: Occurrence, diversity and use in the biocontrol of citrus green mould

“…Penicillium digitatum possesses a high sporulation capacity, and if the time needed for a pathogen to produce reproductive structures is increased, the chance that spores from an infected fruit will infect a healthy fruit is reduced (Santos & Matos 2006). If the storage period of colonised fruits is significantly reduced due to the synthesis of ethylene, the fruit maturation process is accelerated, and shelf life is reduced (Larenjeira et al 2002;Ortuño et al 2008). Several investigations have demonstrated the potential for antagonistic yeasts to control postharvest diseases in citrus as well as in other fruits and vegetables (Sharma, et al 2009;Zhang et al 2010;Mekbib et al 2011;Liu et al 2013).…”

Involvement of an extracellular fungus laccase in the flavonoid metabolism in Citrus fruits inoculated with Alternaria alternata

“…The highest level of this coumarin was detected in Citrus limon 10 days after inoculation with A. Alternata (68 mmol s/100 g DW), while the increases in Citrus paradisi (33 mmol s/100 g DW) and 'Fortune' (25 mmol s/100 g DW) were lower (Table 1). These results point to an inverse relation between the susceptibility to Alternaria alternata (Nemsa et al, 2012;Ortuño et al, 2008) and the levels of scoparone.…”

“…For the experiments 130-day-old fruits from species and hybrids with different degrees of susceptibility to A. Alternata were used (Nemsa et al, 2012;Ortuño et al, 2008): Citrus limon (L.) Burm f. , grafted onto Citrus macrophylla (resistant to the pathogen); Citrus paradisi (var. Star Ruby), grafted onto Cleopatra mandarin orange (average susceptibility to the pathogen), and 'Fortune' mandarin (Citrus clementina  Citrus tangerina) (highly susceptible to the pathogen), all grown in La Alberca (Murcia, Spain).…”

“…Some authors have reported that this disease is due to the production of a host-selective toxin (Kohmoto et al, 1993;Wang et al, 2011). Several studies have pointed to differences in the susceptibility of different Citrus species to these pathogenic fungi (Mahmoudi, 2010;Ortuño et al, 2008Ortuño et al, , 2011Peever et al, 2000). Paradoxically, high sensitivity against this fungus is observed in the juvenile stage of fruit development (Nemsa et al, 2012;Ortuño and Del Río, 2009), in which the highest levels of flavonoids are detected (Castillo et al, 1992).…”

Induced resistance in citrus by hexanoic acid

“…Although ASM has been extensively evaluated as a component for plant disease control in the field, it's effectiveness in disease management has been questioned due to variability of control (Walters and Fountaine 2009). Field studies showing promise for control of bacterial diseases have been conducted with foliar sprays of ASM either alone or in combination with copper on tomato and pepper Louws et al, 2001;Ortuno et al, 2008). Recently, reductions in foliar infection and canker-induced defoliation on young non-bearing grapefruit trees were measured after soil applications with the neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) and ASM .…”