Correlation between surface properties and catalytic activity of clay catalysts

Pushpaletha, P; Rugmini, Sreekala; Lalithambika, M.

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2005.03.011

Cited by 89 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Indeed, K10 with the higher surface area (249 m 2 /g) leads to the slower reaction rate. This result is in agreement with the report of Pushpaletha et al on the correlation between surface properties and catalytic activity of montmorillonite catalysts [29]. Except for the KP10 catalyst sample, it seems that the catalytic activity increases with the total surface acidity.…”

Section: Catalytic Activity Of Acid Clayssupporting

confidence: 83%

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

2009

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Production of fatty acid esters from stearic, oleic, and palmitic acids and short-chain alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol) for the production of biodiesel was investigated in this work. A series of montmorillonite-based clays catalysts (KSF, KSF/0, KP10, and K10) were used as acidic catalysts. The influence of the specific surface area and the acidity of the catalysts on the esterification rate were investigated. The best catalytic activities were obtained with KSF/0 catalyst. The esterification reaction has been carried out efficiently in a semi-continuous reactor at 150°C temperature higher than the boiling points of water and alcohol. The reactor used enabled the continuous removal of water and esterification with hydrated alcohol (ethanol 95%) without affecting the original activity of the clay.

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Section: Catalytic Activity Of Acid Clayssupporting

confidence: 83%

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

2009

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“…In the case of Th(IV) and U(VI) the signals are divided into 1650 cm −1 and 1640 cm −1 . The Th(IV) and U(VI) ions are more hydrated than Cs(I) ions and implement coordinated water to clay structure [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Bentonite -Ft-ir Pas Spectra Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FT-IR/PAS and SEM EDX Studies on Aluminosilicates Modified by Cs(I), Th(IV) and U(VI)

et al. 2009

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“…Cu modified MMT K10 samples with slightly higher surface area than Fe MMT K10 samples gave lower conversion of oleic acid. This was previously been observed in the esterification of stearic acid [16] and benzylation of benzene [28] using commercial clays.…”

Section: Effects Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Esterification of oleic acid with alcohols over Cu-MMT K10 and Fe-MMT K10 as acid catalysts

Harun

Jihadi

Ramli

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The esterification of free fatty acids with alcohols using montmorillonite (MMT) clay as heterogeneous catalyst is one of the methods to produce fatty acid alkyl ester that can be used as alternative renewable biofuels. However, the unmodified MMT gives low conversion of free fatty due to the limitation of acid sites in the clay structure. This work focuses on preparation of an environmental friendly catalyst from montmorillonite K10 (MMT K10) clay catalyst for the esterification of oleic acid with various alcohols. Esterification of oleic acid with alcohols has been carried out in the presence of metal exchanged MMT K10 (M-MMT K10; M = Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ ). The concentrations of both Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ precursors were varied at 1 M and 4 M. The effect of different alcohols used, molar ratio of reactants and catalyst loading on the esterification reaction was investigated. Among the exchanged clay catalysts, 4 M Fe-MMT K10 was found to be more active for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol. The maximum oleic acid conversion (ca. 68.5%) was achieved after 3 hours of reaction at the reaction temperature of 60 o C with molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid of 10:1 and catalyst loading of 5 wt% relative to the mass of oleic acid. The catalytic activity was found to be directly related to the amount of cation used in the modification step and Brønsted acidity of metal exchanged MMT K10 clay catalyst.

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Correlation between surface properties and catalytic activity of clay catalysts

Cited by 89 publications

References 31 publications

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

FT-IR/PAS and SEM EDX Studies on Aluminosilicates Modified by Cs(I), Th(IV) and U(VI)

Esterification of oleic acid with alcohols over Cu-MMT K10 and Fe-MMT K10 as acid catalysts

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