Correlation between sit-to-stand ability, dynamic balance, gait speed, and quality of life in stroke population: a non-randomized pilot study

Abstract

Background “Sit to stand” being a prerequisite for walking, the inability of patients to perform it can result in institutionalization, impaired functioning and mobility in activities of daily living. There was a need to find out whether “sit to stand” ability correlates with gait speed, dynamic balance, and quality of life in stroke patients. It is a pilot study in which sixteen sub-acute and chronic stroke (˃ 6 months) patients aged 45 to 65 years with the ability to walk at least 10 m, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ˃ 27 were included. Patients with musculoskeletal impairments of lower extremity which would affect walking were excluded from the study. Each patient performed five times sit to stand (5TSTS) from a standard chair and time taken was recorded. Timed up and go (TUG) test and 10-m walk test (10MWT) were used to measure the dynamic balance and gait speed respectively. Stroke Adapted Sickness Impact Profile-30 (SASIP-30) scale was used to determine the quality of life of the patients. Results Correlation between the outcomes of the variables was analyzed using Pearson correlation co-efficient. The 5TSTS scores showed strong positive correlation to TUG (r = 0.823, P < .000) and SASIP-30 (r = 0.841, P < .000). However, moderately strong negative relationship was found between 5TSTS and gait speed (r = −0.639, P < .008). Conclusion The study concludes that change in the 5TSTS performance can affect motor functions like dynamic balance and gait as well as quality of life. Exercise training focusing on sit-to-stand ability may also influence activities of daily living (ADLs) after stroke.

Mobile and wearable technologies for the analysis of Ten Meter Walk Test: A concise systematic review

“…Azharuddin et al [ 35 ] used a chronometer to compare the results of five times sit-to-stand scores with the gait speed measured during the Ten Meter Walk Test. The sixteen stroke patients in the study are aged between 45 and 65 (56.19 ± 7.98) and can walk for 10 m with or without a walking aid.…”

“…Finally, more volunteers are required to enhance the sleep study using questionnaires and sleep logs. Azharuddin et al [ 35 ] The Ten Meter Walk Test can be utilized to measure independence in stroke patients because of the significant association between its results and the five-times sit-to-stand performance. Therefore, therapeutic approaches emphasizing the “sit-to-stand” capacity may improve quality of life and dynamic balance.…”

“… Time Chronometer Physical problems Spinal Cord Injury Umemura et al [ 34 ] 2022 3 females and 2 males The authors examine how a sample of chronic stroke survivors' levels of cognitive impairment, walking ability, sleep patterns, and circadian characteristics. Motion; Environment ActTrust® device; Accelerometer; Temperature; Light sensor Physical problems Stroke Azharuddin et al [ 35 ] 2021 16 patients The authors identified potential relationships between the gait speed measured by the Ten Meter Walk Test, and quality of life. Time Chronometer Physical problems; Brain diseases; Endocrine diseases; Cardiovascular diseases Stroke; Hypertension; diabetes mellitus; coronary artery disease; hypothyroidism Bigoni et al [ 36 ] 2021 10 females and 10 males The authors sought to determine whether there was a link between the Gait Profile Score and the clinical-based outcome measures to evaluate functional restriction in post-stroke hemiparetic patients.…”

Effects of enriched task-specific training on sit-to-stand tasks in individuals with chronic stroke

“…However, previous studies have found that balance and mobility are also important determinants of STS performance after stroke ( Janssen, Bussmann, & Stam, 2002 ). Researchers have additionally investigated the association between STS performance and physical capacity ( Azharuddin & Zia, 2021 ). It has been argued that individuals with slight disability might be more responsive to interventions aiming to improve movement quality than those with higher disability.…”