Correlation between leptin and IFN-γ involved in granulosa cell apoptosis in PCOS

Wang, Juan; Gong, Ping; Li, Chunmei; Meizhen, Pan; Ding, Zhixiang; Xian, Ge; Zhu, Weijin; Shi, Bingwei

doi:10.1080/09513590.2020.1760817

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Studies have shown that Leptin plays a role in the occurrence and development of PCOS by regulating the reproductive endocrine axis and local steroid production of ovary as well as participating in IR. Circulating Leptin level is positively correlated with increased IFN-α, followed by apoptosis of human granulosa cells (KGN), which has been demonstrated in cell experiments ( 78 ). Obesity is another problem faced by PCOS patients, Liu et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Progress of Adipokines in the Female Reproductive System: A Focus on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2022

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Adipose tissue, one type of loose connective tissue in the human body, maintains the primary task of energy storage. Adipose tissue is not only an energy reservoir but also plays a vital role as the largest endocrine organ of the whole body via releasing a variety of adipokines, which participate in many pathophysiological processes, such as energy metabolism regulation, glucose and lipid metabolism, and inflammation. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder that mainly involves the female reproductive system, affecting women of childbearing age particularly. Insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenemia (HA) have been implicated as a critical link involving the etiology and outcome of PCOS. A great deal of studies has bridged the gap between adipokines (such as Adiponectin, Chemerin, Metrnl, Apelin, Resistin, Visfatin, Leptin, Vaspin, Lipocalin 2, and Omentin) and reproductive fitness. In this review, we will focus on the adipokines’ functions on PCOS and come up with some points of view on the basis of current research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Progress of Adipokines in the Female Reproductive System: A Focus on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2022

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“…Additionally, several studies have identified SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) in genes of proinflammatory cytokines linked with PCOS, thus suggesting a genotype-specific predisposition to PCOS: TNF-α and IL-6 [33], IL-10 [34], IL-17A and IL-32 [35]. The level of the hormone leptin, mostly produced by adipose tissue, is also elevated in PCOS patients; it upregulates INF-γ (interferon-gamma) and IL-6 production and binds with IR [36]. In total, these data represent a crucial connection between the metabolic manifestation of PCOS and chronic inflammation.…”

Section: Pcos As a Low-grade Chronic Inflammation Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Dabravolski

Nikiforov

Eid

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine–metabolic disorder affecting a vast population worldwide; it is linked with anovulation, mitochondrial dysfunctions and hormonal disbalance. Mutations in mtDNA have been identified in PCOS patients and likely play an important role in PCOS aetiology and pathogenesis; however, their causative role in PCOS development requires further investigation. As a low-grade chronic inflammation disease, PCOS patients have permanently elevated levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18). In this review, we summarise recent data regarding the role of mtDNA mutations and mitochondrial malfunctions in PCOS pathogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss recent papers dedicated to the identification of novel biomarkers for early PCOS diagnosis. Finally, traditional and new mitochondria-targeted treatments are discussed. This review intends to emphasise the key role of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in PCOS pathogenesis; however, the exact molecular mechanism is mostly unknown and requires further investigation.

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“…In general, the treatment of the underlying reason of cytokine profile disruption is beneficial and may reverse the diseases' negative effects on fertilisation and pregnancy outcomes. A good example of this is PCOS, in which insulin resistance therapy, body weight reduction, and lifestyle changes, as well as pharmacological treatments, for example, metformin, can have a beneficial effect on the leptin levels and cytokine profile of patients [49][50][51].…”

Section: Practical Aspects and Unanswered Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function of Follicular Cytokines: Roles Played during Maturation, Development and Implantation of Embryo

et al. 2021

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A balance within the immune system is necessary for the proper development of ovarian follicles. Numerous cytokines were detected in follicular fluid, the role of which in reproductive physiology seems crucial. They influence the development and maturation of the follicle, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation, as well as embryo implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. The analysis of follicular fluid requires its collection by puncturing of the ovary, which is usually executed in connection with various gynaecological procedures. When interpreting such test results, clinical indications for a given procedure and the method of patient preparation should be taken into account. This review revealed the results of currently available studies on the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in follicular fluid in various forms of infertility. Additionally, it presented cytokines, whose concentration has a significant impact on the size of ovarian follicles, their number, the effectiveness of in vitro fertilisation, development of the embryo, and chances of correct implantation. Despite the many recent publications, the knowledge of follicular fluid immunology in the context of reproductive pathology is superficial and further research is required to extensively understand the roles of individual cytokines in reproductive pathology. In the future, this knowledge may enable patients’ individual qualifications to individual methods of infertility treatment, as well as the possible adjustment of the treatment regimen to the patient’s immune profile.

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Correlation between leptin and IFN-γ involved in granulosa cell apoptosis in PCOS

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Progress of Adipokines in the Female Reproductive System: A Focus on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Progress of Adipokines in the Female Reproductive System: A Focus on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Function of Follicular Cytokines: Roles Played during Maturation, Development and Implantation of Embryo

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