Correlation Between Hippocampal Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Cognition in Non-dementic Elderly Population

Sim, Jae Sung; Park, Moo‐Seok; Shin, Hee‐Young; Jang, Hyun‐Jun; Won, Hong‐Hee; Seo, Sang Won; Seo, Woo‐Keun; Kim, Byoung Joon; Kim, Gyeong‐Moon

doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.542511

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…8,[35][36][37] In terms of HP-EPVS, 1 study showed that HP-EPVS was associated with verbal reasoning 20 ; however, other studies were unable to find an association between cognition and HP-EPVS. 11,38 In this study, a linear mixed model revealed that the CSO-EPVS+ group exhibited a more rapid longitudinal decline in the MMSE scores over time than the CSO-EPVS− group, independent of β-amyloid burden and SVD markers. It is interesting that this result suggests amyloid-independent and anatomic location-specific effects of EPVS on cognitive decline in AD continuum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Association of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces With Amyloid Burden and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease Continuum

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives:To investigate the effects of enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) on amyloid burden and cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 208 patients with AD across the cognitive continuum (preclinical, prodromal, and AD dementia) who showed amyloid deposition on 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography scans and 82 healthy controls. EPVSs were counted for each patient in the basal ganglia (BG), centrum semiovale (CSO), and hippocampus (HP) on axial T2-weighted images. Patients were then classified according to the number of EPVS into the EPVS+ (> 10 EPVSs) and EPVS– (0–10 EPVSs) groups for the BG and CSO, respectively. In terms of HP-EPVS, equal or more than seven EPVSs on bilateral hemisphere were regarded as the presence of HP-EPVS. After adjusting for markers of small vessel disease (SVD), multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the inter-group differences in global and regional amyloid deposition and cognitive function at the time of diagnosis of AD continuum. A linear mixed model was used to assess the effects of EPVSs on the longitudinal changes in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.Results:Amyloid burden at the time of diagnosis of AD continuum was not associated with the degree of BG-, CSO-, or HP-EPVS. BG-EPVS affected language and frontal/executive function via SVD markers and HP-EPVS was associated with general cognition via SVD markers. However, CSO-EPVS was not associated with baseline cognition. A higher number of CSO-EPVS was significantly associated with a more rapid decline in MMSE scores (β = −0.58, SE = 0.23, p = 0.011) independent of the amyloid burden. In terms of BG and HP, there was no difference between the EPVS+ and EPVS– groups in the rate of longitudinal decreases in MMSE scores.Discussion:Our findings suggest that BG-, CSO-, and HP-EPVS are not associated with baseline β-amyloid burden or cognitive function independently of SVD at the diagnosis of AD continuum. However, CSO-EPVS appears to be associated with the progression of cognitive decline in an amyloid-independent manner. Further studies are needed to investigate whether CSO-EPVS is a potential therapeutic target in patients with AD continuum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…8,35-37 In terms of HP-EPVS, 1 study showed that HP-EPVS was associated with verbal reasoning 20 ; however, other studies were unable to find an association between cognition and HP-EPVS. 11,38…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces With Amyloid Burden and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease Continuum

et al. 2022

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“…43 ePVS occasionally appear in the hippocampus, but a study of older adults without dementia found that ePVS in the hippocampus were not associated with memory function. 44 One of the challenges facing studies of ePVS is the variability in quantification methods utilized from study to study and this variability creates difficulty in making conclusive statements about the literature. Emerging methods for standardized quantification are discussed later.…”

Section: Cognitive Implications Of Epvs Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology and Clinical Relevance of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Aging Brain

et al. 2022

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Perivascular spaces (PVS) are fluid filled compartments that are part of the cerebral blood vessel wall and represent the conduit for fluid transport in and out of the brain. PVS are considered pathologic when sufficiently enlarged to be visible on magnetic resonance imaging. Recent studies have demonstrated that enlarged PVS (ePVS) may have clinical consequences related to cognition. Emerging literature points to arterial stiffening and abnormal protein aggregation in vessel walls as two possible mechanisms that drive ePVS formation. In this review, we describe the clinical consequences, anatomy, fluid dynamics, physiology, risk factors, and in vivo quantification methods of ePVS. Given competing views of PVS physiology, we detail the two most prominent theoretical views and review ePVS associations with other common small vessel disease markers. As ePVS are a marker of small vessel disease and ePVS burden is higher in Alzheimer’s disease, a comprehensive understanding about ePVS is essential in developing prevention and treatment strategies.

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“…Such an association has mostly been studied in stroke, Alzheimer’s dementia, multiple sclerosis, and healthy individuals, yet the data across these studies is inconsistent. Whereas some publications report a negative correlation between MVPVS and various brain volume measures, e.g., in stroke ( Potter et al, 2015b ; Wang et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2016 ), Alzheimer’s disease ( Gertje et al, 2021 ), MS ( Kilsdonk et al, 2015 ; Liu et al, 2022 ), NMOSD ( Cacciaguerra et al, 2022 ), or health ( Chen et al, 2011 ; Sim et al, 2020 ), several studies do not confirm such an association (stroke ( Arba et al, 2018 ), Alzheimer’s disease ( Chen et al, 2011 ), MS ( Wuerfel et al, 2008 ; Conforti et al, 2014 , 2016 ; Favaretto et al, 2017 ; Cavallari et al, 2018 ; Wooliscroft et al, 2020 ; Kolbe et al, 2022 ), and health ( Huang et al, 2021 )).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The etiology and evolution of magnetic resonance imaging-visible perivascular spaces: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Okar

Shinohara

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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ObjectivesPerivascular spaces have been involved in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Upon a certain size, these spaces can become visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), referred to as enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) or MRI-visible perivascular spaces (MVPVS). However, the lack of systematic evidence on etiology and temporal dynamics of MVPVS hampers their diagnostic utility as MRI biomarker. Thus, the goal of this systematic review was to summarize potential etiologies and evolution of MVPVS.MethodsIn a comprehensive literature search, out of 1,488 unique publications, 140 records assessing etiopathogenesis and dynamics of MVPVS were eligible for a qualitative summary. 6 records were included in a meta-analysis to assess the association between MVPVS and brain atrophy.ResultsFour overarching and partly overlapping etiologies of MVPVS have been proposed: (1) Impairment of interstitial fluid circulation, (2) Spiral elongation of arteries, (3) Brain atrophy and/or perivascular myelin loss, and (4) Immune cell accumulation in the perivascular space. The meta-analysis in patients with neuroinflammatory diseases did not support an association between MVPVS and brain volume measures [R: −0.15 (95%-CI −0.40–0.11)]. Based on few and mostly small studies in tumefactive MVPVS and in vascular and neuroinflammatory diseases, temporal evolution of MVPVS is slow.ConclusionCollectively, this study provides high-grade evidence for MVPVS etiopathogenesis and temporal dynamics. Although several potential etiologies for MVPVS emergence have been proposed, they are only partially supported by data. Advanced MRI methods should be employed to further dissect etiopathogenesis and evolution of MVPVS. This can benefit their implementation as an imaging biomarker.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=346564, identifier CRD42022346564.

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Correlation Between Hippocampal Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Cognition in Non-dementic Elderly Population

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Association of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces With Amyloid Burden and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease Continuum

Association of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces With Amyloid Burden and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease Continuum

Physiology and Clinical Relevance of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Aging Brain

The etiology and evolution of magnetic resonance imaging-visible perivascular spaces: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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