Correlation between faecal iso-butyric and iso-valeric acids in different species

Cardona, Maria E.; Collinder, Eje; Stern, Susanne; Tjellström, Bo; Norin, Elisabeth; Midtvedt, Tore

doi:10.1080/08910600500356265

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There were no significant differences in either concentrations or excretions (output) between patients and controls (Table 1). There were several significant correlations between the individual SCFA concentrations (data not shown), similar to what has been reported previously 11,12. Neither BMI nor fecal wet weight was significantly correlated to SCFA concentrations, and there was no difference between males and females.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Intestinal fermentation in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity: painful, but protective?

Valeur

Norin²,

Midtvedt³

et al. 2010

CEG

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Purpose:Enterometabolic disturbances may cause meal-related symptoms. We performed a functional evaluation of the intestinal microflora in patients with unexplained, self-reported food hypersensitivity by measuring fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).Patients and methods:Thirty-five consecutive patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity and 15 healthy volunteers of similar age, gender, and body mass index collected all feces for 72 hours. Fecal concentrations of acetic, propionic, n-butyric, i-butyric, n-valeric, i-valeric, n-caproic, and i-caproic acids were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Concentrations and excretions (output) of SCFAs in patients and controls were compared and related to gastrointestinal symptoms.Results:Despite nonsignificant differences between patients and controls for both total and individual SCFA concentrations and excretions, n-butyric acid comprised a higher (P = 0.035) and acetic acid a lower (P = 0.012) proportion of total SCFA in patients compared to controls. There were no significant correlations between symptom scores and concentrations or excretions of individual or total SCFAs, but the proportion of n-butyric acid was significantly higher in patients with severe symptoms compared to patients with moderate symptoms (P = 0.016).Conclusion:The results indicate an enterometabolic disturbance in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity. Higher proportions of n-butyric acid may be related to abdominal symptom generation, but may also protect against organic bowel disease. Further studies are needed to clarify these aspects.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Intestinal fermentation in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity: painful, but protective?

Valeur

Norin²,

Midtvedt³

et al. 2010

CEG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Significant correlations are shown in Figure 3. Isovalerate and isobutyrate levels correlated positively between them (data not shown) as described by previous authors (Cardona et al, 2005) and both of them with age (p < 0.01). BCFA production was not significantly correlated with fat, protein, either animal or vegetal, or carbohydrate intake (Figure 3).…”

Section: Correlation Of Bcfa Levels With Anthropometric and Dietary Psupporting

confidence: 85%

An Overview on Fecal Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acids Along Human Life and as Related With Body Mass Index: Associated Dietary and Anthropometric Factors

et al. 2020

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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are the main bacterial products of the catabolism of carbohydrates and proteins in the gut, and their role is essential in host-microbiota interactions. Acetic, propionic, and butyric acids are the major SCFA produced in the gut, and they have been extensively studied. In contrast, branched short-chain fatty acids (BCFA), mainly isovaleric and isobutyric acids, are produced in less amounts and their fecal levels in different human groups, intestinal microbial producing populations, and influence on health are insufficiently known. They have been proposed as markers of protein fermentation, which leads to the concomitant production of other fermentation products that can be harmful for the colon epithelium. In this context, the aim of this study was to shed light into the production of BCFA by the human intestinal microbiota, as related to age, body mass index (BMI), and diet. Fecal levels of the different SCFA were analyzed by gas chromatography in 232 healthy individuals with ages between 3 months and 95 years, and BMI in adults ranging from 19 to 54. Dietary assessments in adults were obtained through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Molar proportions of BCFA in feces were strongly and positively related with aging. However, not a significant relationship was obtained between BCFA and BMI. A negative correlation was found between the consumption of dietary insoluble fiber and fecal levels of BCFA. More studies are needed for improving our understanding on the relationship of BCFA production profile with the intestinal microbiota composition and human health.

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“…Valeryl groups, confirmed to exist in human serum as its fatty acid form in the high micromolar range, 25 are the result of bacterial-based metabolism of sloughed intestinal cells from gut dwelling flora. 26 Combining these data with our findings that HDAC3 may serve as a devalerylase, we discovered a potentially clinically relevant finding and chose to interrogate this observation further.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of the Deacylase and Deacetylase Activity of Zinc-Dependent HDACs

et al. 2017

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The acetylation status of lysine residues on histone proteins has long been attributed to a balance struck between the catalytic activity of histone acetyl transferases and histone deacetylases (HDAC). HDACs were identified as the sole removers of acetyl post-translational modifications (PTM) of histone lysine residues. Studies into the biological role of HDACs have also elucidated their role as removers of acetyl PTMs from lysine residues of nonhistone proteins. These findings, coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry studies that revealed the presence of acyl-group PTMs on lysine residues of nonhistone proteins, brought forth the possibility of HDACs acting as removers of both acyl- and acetyl-based PTMs. We posited that HDACs fulfill this dual role and sought to investigate their specificity. Utilizing a fluorescence-based assay and biologically relevant acyl-substrates, the selectivities of zinc-dependent HDACs toward these acyl-based PTMs were identified. These findings were further validated using cellular models and molecular biology techniques. As a proof of principal, an HDAC3 selective inhibitor was designed using HDAC3’s substrate preference. This resulting inhibitor demonstrates nanomolar activity and >30 fold selectivity toward HDAC3 compared to the other class I HDACs. This inhibitor is capable of increasing p65 acetylation, attenuating NF-κB activation, and thereby preventing downstream nitric oxide signaling. Additionally, this selective HDAC3 inhibition allows for control of HMGB-1 secretion from activated macrophages without altering the acetylation status of histones or tubulin.

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Correlation between faecal iso-butyric and iso-valeric acids in different species

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Intestinal fermentation in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity: painful, but protective?

Intestinal fermentation in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity: painful, but protective?

An Overview on Fecal Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acids Along Human Life and as Related With Body Mass Index: Associated Dietary and Anthropometric Factors

Comparison of the Deacylase and Deacetylase Activity of Zinc-Dependent HDACs

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