Correlation between Choroidal Neovascularization Shown by OCT Angiography and Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Abstract

Purpose To assess the occurrence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and correlate these findings with choroidal thickness (CT). Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 25 consecutive patients (43 eyes), mean age 48.12 ± 7.8 years, diagnosed with persistent CSCR. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), optical coherence tomography, and OCTA. Results CNV was confirmed in 18.6% of eyes using FA and ICGA and in 25.6% of eyes using OCTA. All cases of CNV were associated with irregular retinal pigment epithelial detachment. CT was increased in the affected eyes (mean 491.05 ± 91.98), but there were no statistically significant correlations between CT and CNV and PED occurrence (p = 0.661 and p = 0.614, resp.) and between CT and duration of the disease (p = 0.940). Conclusions OCTA detected CNV more frequently than other imaging modalities. CNV coexisted with irregular PED in all cases. CT was increased in eyes with chronic CSCR, but without any correlation with CNV occurrence; therefore, CT cannot be considered as a predictor of CNV occurrence. Further studies with a larger number of patients are needed to confirm these findings.

Optical coherence tomography angiography of superficial retinal vessel density and foveal avascular zone in myopic children

“…[7] OCTA enables reproducible, quantitative assessment of the macular microcirculation in the macula and may be used in diagnosing different retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. [8–10] OCTA provides three-dimensional maps of the macular perfusion and seems to be a promising method in the detection of early microcirculation disorders. To the best of our knowledge there are few reports on retinal perfusion in myopic adults using this method but no previous reports on OCTA findings in myopic children.…”

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Classification

“…Use of OCTA has expanded facility in detecting nonexudative macular neovascularization or mimicking situations. The prevalence range of macular neovascularization diagnosis using OCTA in chronic CSC is 8.3-44.8% [65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. These results provided by OCTA are much better than those from isolated IVFA.…”

“…Multifocal leak zones without correspondence in IVFA [5,6,17,35] OCT CT > 500 micron [25] PED height > 50 micron [59] Large amount or recurrent subretinal fluid [9,14] Choroidal hyperreflective dots [9,10,14] Hyperreflective choroidal vessel walls [9,10,14] Intra-and subretinal hyperreflective dots and material [60] Thinning and atrophy of the outer nuclear layer [61] External limiting membrane discontinuity [62] Cystoid degeneration [11] Elongation of the photoreceptor outer segments [9,10,32] Double sign at external retina (irregular, flat, and dense RPE detachment) [65] Fibrinoid reaction [9,10] Pigment deposition [9,10,32] Choroidal rift [58] Reduced ganglion cell complex thickness [64] OCTA Subretinal neovascularization [65][66][67][68][69][70][71] Flow void zones [72,73]…”

Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

“…Localization of the RPE defect might be performed with SS-OCTA in selected cases; if this finding can be confirmed in larger patient populations, perhaps laser photocoagulation could be employed, based on this information, without the need for invasive diagnostic tools. The diagnosis of CNV complicating or simultaneous to CSC is demanding 11 and not infrequent. A recent OCT-based study confirmed CNV complicating CSC in 17.6% of cases.…”

“…The diagnosis of CNV complicating or simultaneous to CSC is demanding 11 and not infrequent. A recent OCT-based study confirmed CNV complicating CSC in 17.6% of cases.…”