Correlation Between Cadmium and Blood Counts in Workers Exposed to Urban Stressor

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the exposures to cadmium (Cd) in urban workers and the association between Cd exposure and values of blood counts. Urinary Cd, blood Cd, and blood counts were obtained from 355 outdoor workers; a subgroup of 99 subjects were monitored to evaluate personal exposure to airborne Cd. The mean value of personal exposure to Cd was 1.5 ng/m3 for traffic assistants and 1.2 ng/m3 for drivers. Urinary and blood Cd were correlated to the airborne Cd (respectively r=3 and r=4). The multiple linear regression models showed the associations among white blood cell, the percentage of neutrophils (NEU%), the percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%), and the concentrations of blood Cd (respectively R2=27, R2=37, R2=581). The subjects with blood Cd values higher than 1.2 μg/L showed an increase of LYM% mean values and a decrease of NEU% mean values with respect to the group with blood Cd values lower than 1.1 μg/L.

Determinants of serum cadmium levels in a Northern Italy community: A cross-sectional study

“…One showed that indoor dust Cd content influences body Cd burden even more than vegetable intake, particularly in a heavily polluted area (Hogervorst et al, 2007). In the second study, recently carried out in outdoor workers (municipal policemen) exposed to urban pollutants and asked not to smoke during the study period, air Cd content strongly correlated with urine and blood Cd concentrations (Ciarrocca et al, 2015). In the present study, we used particulate matter as a proxy of Cd exposure through outdoor air, taking into account that the model we used has been validated in the study area and that Cd compounds have low volatility and are mainly found in air as bound to particles (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2012), further adding to the potential hazard of long-term PM exposure under a public health perspective (Kampa and Castanas, 2008;Pun et al, 2014).…”

Blood cadmium by race/hispanic origin: The role of smoking

“…For instance, residential vicinity to an urban solid waste incinerator was not associated with blood and urinary cadmium in a Belgian study (Schroijen et al, 2008), and similar lack of association has been reported from Korea (Lee et al, 2012), Portugal (Reis et al, 2007), and Spain (Zubero et al, 2010). It has been documented that cadmium in outdoor air (Ciarrocca et al, 2015) and house dust (Hogervorst et al, 2007), some but not all of which would originate from waste facilities, are potentially important determinants of cadmium exposure. More studies are needed to elucidate how those sources contribute to the difference by race/Hispanic origin we reported.…”

The synthesis of modified alginate flocculants and their properties for removing heavy metal ions of wastewater

“…Water pollution by heavy metal ions is a serious problem with the development of industrializing, manufacturing and mining. Due to the toxicity and nonexcretory, the heavy metal ions of lead, cadmium, and copper (Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ ) are considered as particular toxic pollutants to human beings . Lead is easy to accumulate in human bodies and causes disruption of the metabolisms and biological activities of many proteins .…”

“…Lead is easy to accumulate in human bodies and causes disruption of the metabolisms and biological activities of many proteins . Cadmium in human bodies can cause itai‐itai, proteinuria, glucosuria diseases, and renal abnormalities . Copper may result in various acute and chronic disorders and diseases in human .…”