Abstract:A new flocculant was synthesized through the modification of sodium alginate with thiosemicarbazide. In the preparation, amino thiourea groups which had excellent adsorption properties for heavy metal ions were introduced to the flocculant. The structure of the flocculant was confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, UV spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermal analysis. The flocculation behaviors of the flocculant for three heavy metal ions were investigated. The results sh… Show more
“…Similarly, Tian et al. modified sodium alginate with thiosemicarbazide to introduce amino thiourea groups on the flocculant . Thiosemicarbazide‐modified sodium alginate showed more than 80% removal rate for lead, cadmium, and copper metal ions.…”
Section: Recent Advances In the Development Of Water Soluble Flocculantsmentioning
Water soluble polymer flocculants are important constituents of solid–liquid separation units for the treatment of a variety of process‐affected effluents. The systematic development of a flocculant relies on a good understanding of flocculation process, polymer synthesis, polymer characterization, and, not the least, flocculation performance assessment as desired for a particular treatment process, all of which are essential to establish meaningful relationships between flocculant microstructure and flocculation efficiency. The aim of this article is to communicate the bigger picture of this research area to the readers. The recent advances in the application of bio/natural, synthetic, and stimuli‐responsive flocculants are reviewed. Then, the basic polymer reaction engineering tools to control the microstructure of flocculants are provided and the techniques for the quantification of flocculant microstructure are concisely discussed. This is followed by a review of the methods used for the characterization of particle‐polymer force measurement, and flocculation/dewatering assessment with attention to the characterization of aggregate structures.
“…Similarly, Tian et al. modified sodium alginate with thiosemicarbazide to introduce amino thiourea groups on the flocculant . Thiosemicarbazide‐modified sodium alginate showed more than 80% removal rate for lead, cadmium, and copper metal ions.…”
Section: Recent Advances In the Development Of Water Soluble Flocculantsmentioning
Water soluble polymer flocculants are important constituents of solid–liquid separation units for the treatment of a variety of process‐affected effluents. The systematic development of a flocculant relies on a good understanding of flocculation process, polymer synthesis, polymer characterization, and, not the least, flocculation performance assessment as desired for a particular treatment process, all of which are essential to establish meaningful relationships between flocculant microstructure and flocculation efficiency. The aim of this article is to communicate the bigger picture of this research area to the readers. The recent advances in the application of bio/natural, synthetic, and stimuli‐responsive flocculants are reviewed. Then, the basic polymer reaction engineering tools to control the microstructure of flocculants are provided and the techniques for the quantification of flocculant microstructure are concisely discussed. This is followed by a review of the methods used for the characterization of particle‐polymer force measurement, and flocculation/dewatering assessment with attention to the characterization of aggregate structures.
“…Flocculation is an important process in wastewater treatment because of its high efficiency, simple operation, and low cost. [1][2][3] Synthetic organic and inorganic flocculants, such as polyacrylamide, alum, and poly(aluminum chloride) are widely utilized in the treatment of industrial wastewater. 4,5 However, they might cause secondary pollution because of the high concentration of residuals and toxic degradation products.…”
Flocculants prepared with modified natural polymers have recently attracted extensive attention in the field of water treatment. In this work, acrylic acid was successfully grafted onto the backbones of starch and chitosan by free radical polymerization. The synthesis parameters of initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and neutralization degree of acrylic acid were optimized as 0.4 wt %, 50 C, and 70%, respectively, according to the flocculation performance. The ternary copolymer starch-acrylic acid-chitosan (SAAC) could completely remove Acid Blue 113 from 100 mg/L of simulated wastewater (color removal efficiency 99.7%) at the flocculant dosage of 100 mg/L. The SAAC also had effective flocculation capability in a wide range of flocculant dosages and pH values of wastewater. The ternary copolymer based on two natural polymers has enormous potential as flocculant with its advantages of low price, ecofriendliness, and high performance.
“…Zhang et al [24] prepared trimethyl quaternary ammonium salt of lignin-alginate polyampholyte with trimethyl quaternary ammonium salt of lignin and sodium alginate using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. Tian et al [25,26] proposed several modification of alginate polymer and applied them not only to be a flocculant but also to be a adsorbent of harmful divalent metal ions. By these ways, cationic properties were added to alginate polymer to bind with solid surfaces charged negatively in aqueous environment.…”
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