Correlation between body composition and blepharoptosis in adults

Abstract

Background The present study aimed to explore the association between body composition indices, such as fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM), and blepharoptosis. Methods The study evaluated 12,168 Korean adults aged 40 years or older using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). FM index (FMI, kg/m 2 ) and LBM index (LBMI, kg/m 2 ) were used to correct for the effects of body size. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between blepharoptosis and body composition indices such as FMI, LBMI, and fat percentage of whole body or head. Stratified analyses were also performed by levator function. Results Higher FMI and head fat percentage were significantly associated with blepharoptosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-1.65; and aOR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03-1.69 in the highest tertile compared with the lowest, respectively). In the subgroup with good levator function (≥8 mm), higher FMI, head fat percentage, and head lean mass were significantly associated with blepharoptosis (aOR for the right eye [aORr] = 1.42 and aOR for the left eye [aORl] = 1.36; aORr = 1.41 and aORl = 1.37; and aORr = 1.50 and aORl = 1.49 in the highest tertile compared with the lowest, respectively; all p < 0.05). Conclusions Body compositions with high adiposity indices, such as high FMI and head fat percentage, were positively associated with blepharoptosis. Awareness of the potential correlation between obesity-associated fat deposition and blepharoptosis could improve management of the condition and contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of blepharoptosis.

Sarcopenia as a potential risk factor for senile blepharoptosis: Nationwide Surveys (KNHANES 2008–2011)

“…Since previous studies have reported obesity as a potential risk factor for blepharoptosis 16 , 17 , the relationship between BMI and the prevalence of blepharoptosis was analyzed using the same methods as in this study. Divided by BMI quintiles, the incidence of blepharoptosis had no relation with BMI in men ( p value for linear trend = 0.359) but a positive relationship in women ( p value for linear trend < 0.001) (Supplementary Fig.…”

“…Reactive oxygen species resulting from metabolic syndrome may contribute to the degeneration of the eyelid 26 . Moreover, obesity and its related body composition indices, such as waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI), BMI, and lean body mass index (LBMI), were related to the prevalence of blepharoptosis 16 , 17 , 26 . Fat gain on the upper eyelid due to obesity can cause mechanical push-down of the upper eyelid, stretching of the levator aponeurosis, and fatty inflammation 17 .…”

“…Moreover, obesity and its related body composition indices, such as waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI), BMI, and lean body mass index (LBMI), were related to the prevalence of blepharoptosis 16 , 17 , 26 . Fat gain on the upper eyelid due to obesity can cause mechanical push-down of the upper eyelid, stretching of the levator aponeurosis, and fatty inflammation 17 . In our study, multivariate analyses showed that MMI and sarcopenia were significantly associated with blepharoptosis, independent of confounding factors related to metabolic syndrome.…”

“…Several studies have reported that blepharoptosis is related to systemic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity 16,17,22,[26][27][28][29] . In these reports, the causative mechanisms of these relationships were suggested to be end-organ damage related to metabolic syndrome.…”