Correlation between anxiety-depression status and cytokines in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between anxiety-depression status and cytokines in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). IBS-D patients were divided into an anxiety-depression IBS-D group and a non-anxiety-depression IBS-D group. Patients without IBS, anxiety or depression were selected as the control group. Scoring was performed using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Levels of IL-1β and IL-10 in the blood and sigmoid colon mucosa were detected, and the proportions of IL-1β- and IL-10-positive cells in the sigmoid colon mucosa were determined. The results demonstrated that the SDS and SAS scores in the IBS-D group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β in the blood and sigmoid colon mucosa and the proportion of IL-1β-positive cells in the sigmoid colon mucosa in the IBS-D group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-10 in the blood and sigmoid colon mucosa and the proportion of IL-10-positive cells in the IBS-D group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β in the blood and sigmoid colon mucosa and the proportion of IL-1β-positive cells in the anxiety-depression IBS-D group were significantly higher than those in the non-anxiety-depression IBS-D group, and the levels of IL-10 and the proportion of IL-10-positive cells in the anxiety-depression IBS-D group were significantly lower than those in the non-anxiety-depression IBS-D group (P<0.05). Anxiety-depression status may cause the IL-1β and IL-10 levels in IBS patients to change and result in an imbalance of the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to the occurrence or aggravation of IBS.

Immune response in irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review of systemic and mucosal inflammatory mediators

“…Table lists the findings from studies that assayed levels of the cytokines IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, TNF‐α and IL‐1β in the peripheral circulation in IBS. In the five studies where it was measured, levels of IL‐10 were consistently decreased; while levels of IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α and IL‐1β were increased in all studies …”

“…In all, 66 articles were identified that provided results on either mucosal or serological immune markers in IBS; 43 reported on mucosal changes, 19 on serological markers and seven on both. Some focused on specific IBS subtypes, including three reported on a comparison of diarrhea‐predominant IBS (IBS‐D) with healthy controls, one compared post‐infection (PI)‐IBS to the general population, and three limited their evaluation to a comparison between PI‐IBS and IBS‐D .…”

Cytokine imbalance in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…found that TNF‐ α concentrations were not significantly different between IBS subtype and healthy controls . The focus of our meta‐analysis was on IL‐10 and TNF‐ α ; however, close evaluation of the studies performed on mucosal cytokine levels revealed that levels of IL‐1 β were higher in patients with IBS‐D . More studies on the intestinal levels of IL‐10 and TNF‐ α , as well as other cytokines including IL‐1 β , in IBS, are recommended.…”

“…It is important to examine the relationship between mRNA expression and the local cytokine levels, as the latter expression are better indicators of function. A recent study showed that intestinal IL‐10 levels are decreased in patients with IBS‐D, while Belmonte et al . found that TNF‐ α concentrations were not significantly different between IBS subtype and healthy controls .…”

Immune activation in irritable bowel syndrome: from basic to clinic

“…Measuring immune signaling molecules such as cytokines and counting the immune cells in the intestine of IBS patients have provided some evidence for the activation of immune system in these patients [4][5][6] . Studies have demonstrated prominent changes in immune system signaling in IBS in the presence of psychological and central nervous system comorbidities [7][8][9] . Moreover, changes in the immune signaling during post-infectious IBS (PI-IBS) support the crucial role of immune system dysregulation and inflammation in IBS, where there is a shift in the phenotype of circulating immune cells to a T helper-1 predominating 10 .…”