Correlates of Depressive Disorders in the Quebec General Population 6 to 14 Years of Age

Bergeron, Lise; Valla, Jean-Pierre; Smolla, Nicole; Piché, Geneviève; Berthiaume, Claude; St.-Georges, Marie

doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9103-x

Cited by 42 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, parents who are anxious or nervous can have a tendency to worry more about their childrenÕs future in exile. The tendency of parents to project their own psychological problems into their perception of their children has previously been observed in studies of children (154)(155)(156) but not, as far as we know, of youth. Since traumatized refugee children often will have parents with physical and ⁄ or psychological problems (157), this can have great clinical importance when refugee children and youth are referred for examination and treatment.…”

Section: Mental Health In Young Refugeesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Trauma, exile and mental health in young refugees

Montgomery¹

2011

Acta Psychiatr Scand

168

100

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Montgomery E. Trauma, exile and mental health in young refugees.Objective: To review evidence of trauma and exile‐related mental health in young refugees from the Middle East.Method: A review of four empirical studies: i) a qualitative study of 11 children from torture surviving families, ii) a cohort study of 311 3–15‐year‐old asylum‐seeking children, iii) a qualitative study of 14 members of torture surviving families and iv) a follow‐up study of 131 11–23‐year‐old refugees.Results: The reactions of the children were not necessarily post‐traumatic stress disorder specific. Seventy‐seven per cent suffered from anxiety, sleep disturbance and/or depressed mood at arrival. Sleep disturbance (prevalence 34%) was primarily predicted by a family history of violence. At follow‐up, 25.9% suffered from clinically relevant psychological symptoms. Traumatic experiences before arrival and stressful events in exile predicted internalizing behaviour, witnessing violence and frequent school changes in exile predicted externalizing behaviour. School participation, Danish friends, language proficiency and mother’s education predicted less long‐term psychological problems.Conclusion: Psychological problems are frequent in refugee children, but the extents are reduced over time in exile. Traumatic experience before arrival is most important for the short‐term reaction of the children while aspects of life in exile are important for the children’s ability to recover from early traumatization.

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Section: Mental Health In Young Refugeesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Trauma, exile and mental health in young refugees

Montgomery¹

2011

Acta Psychiatr Scand

168

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The effect of birth order is also rather variable for psychiatric disorders. For depression an association with birth order is sometimes reported, but the relationship is inconsistent (Bergeron et al, 2007;Schmidt and Tolle, 1977;Wells et al, 1985). The effect may be more pronounced for autism and schizophrenia.…”

Section: Birth Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygiene and Other Early Childhood Influences on the Subsequent Function of the Immune System

Rook

2012

Immunity to Parasitic Infection

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Hygiene Depression a b s t r a c tThe immune system influences brain development and function. Hygiene and other early childhood influences impact the subsequent function of the immune system during adulthood, with consequences for vulnerability to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Inflammatory events during pregnancy can act directly to cause developmental problems in the central nervous system (CNS) that have been implicated in schizophrenia and autism. The immune system also acts indirectly by "farming" the intestinal microbiota, which then influences brain development and function via the multiple pathways that constitute the gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota also regulates the immune system.Regulation of the immune system is crucial because inflammatory states in pregnancy need to be limited, and throughout life inflammation needs to be terminated completely when not required; for example, persistently raised levels of background inflammation during adulthood (in the presence or absence of a clinically apparent inflammatory stimulus) correlate with an increased risk of depression. A number of factors in the perinatal period, notably immigration from rural low-income to rich developed settings, caesarean delivery, breastfeeding and antibiotic abuse have profound effects on the microbiota and on immunoregulation during early life that persist into adulthood. Many aspects of the modern western environment deprive the infant of the immunoregulatory organisms with which humans co-evolved, while encouraging exposure to nonimmunoregulatory organisms, associated with more recently evolved "crowd" infections.

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“…11 The pictorial Dominic questionnaire was initially designed to propose a developmentally sensitive self-report measure of DSM-III-R-based symptoms 12 for schoolaged children. [13][14][15][16][17][18] In the absence of a gold standard to validate any measure of psychopathology, 19 psychometric properties of paper versions of the Dominic were analyzed according to different methods. The comprehension by 6-to 11-year-olds of the situations depicted in the drawings was previously tested in a community sample according to age (6 levels) and sex.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Use of the Dominic Interactive: A DSM-Based, Self-Report Screen for School-Aged Children

et al. 2013

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Objectives:As no single informant can be considered the gold standard of child psychopathology, interviewing of children regarding their own symptoms is necessary. Our study focused on the reliability, validity, and clinical use of the Dominic Interactive (DI), a multimedia self-report screen to assess symptoms for the most frequent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, mental disorders in school-aged children.Methods: A sample of 585 children aged 6 to 11 years from the community and psychiatric clinics was used to analyze the internal consistency, the test-retest estimate of reliability, and the criterion-related validity of the DI against the referral status. In addition, crossinformant correlation coefficients between this instrument (child report) and the Child Symptom Inventory (parent report) were explored in a subsample of 292 participants.Results: For the total sample, Cronbach alpha coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 0.91. Test-retest kappas varied from 0.42 to 0.62 for categories based on cut-off points, except for specific phobias. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.81 for symptom scales. The DI discriminated between referred and nonreferred children in psychiatric clinics for all symptom scales. Significant cross-informant correlation coefficients were higher for the externalizing symptoms (0.35 to 0.48) than the internalizing symptoms (0.14 to 0.27).Conclusions: Findings of our study reasonably support adequate psychometric properties of the DI. This instrument offers a developmentally sensitive screening method to obtain unique information from young children about their mental health problems in front-line services, psychiatric clinics, and research settings. W W W Fiabilité, validité, et utilisation clinique du Dominique interactif : un instrument fondé sur le DSM, auto-déclaré pour enfants d'âge scolaireObjectifs : Comme aucun indicateur unique ne peut être considéré comme étant l'étalon de référence de la psychopathologie pédiatrique, il est nécessaire d'interviewer les enfants à l'égard de leurs propres symptômes. Notre étude portait sur la fiabilité, la validité et l'utilisation clinique du Dominique interactif (DI), un instrument multimédia auto-déclaré servant à évaluer chez les enfants d'âge scolaire, les symptômes des troubles mentaux les plus fréquents du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux, 4 e édition, texte révisé.Méthodes : Un échantillon de 585 enfants de 6 à 11 ans de cliniques communautaires et psychiatriques a été utilisé pour analyser la cohérence interne, l'estimation test-retest de la fiabilité, et la validité liée à un critère du DI contre l'état des sujets référés. En outre, les coefficients de corrélation inter-indicateurs entre cet instrument (rapport des enfants) et l'inventaire des symptômes des enfants (rapport des parents) ont été explorés dans un sous-échantillon de 292 participants.

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Correlates of Depressive Disorders in the Quebec General Population 6 to 14 Years of Age

Cited by 42 publications

References 54 publications

Trauma, exile and mental health in young refugees

Trauma, exile and mental health in young refugees

Hygiene and Other Early Childhood Influences on the Subsequent Function of the Immune System

Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Use of the Dominic Interactive: A DSM-Based, Self-Report Screen for School-Aged Children

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