Correlates of autobiographical memory specificity: the role of depression, anxiety and childhood trauma

Wessel, Ineke; Meeren, Masja; Peeters, Frenk; Arntz, Arnoud; Merckelbach, Harald

doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00011-5

Cited by 147 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, we did not include educational level in our analyses, although it predicts memory specificity to a certain extent. 5 The main reason for doing so was to increase comparability with previous studies, as these did not include educational level in analyses. Educational level was also omitted because it potentially confounds with other variables that may be of influence on course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon of overgeneral recall does not pertain to the content of autobiographical memory, but to its lack of spatiotemporal specificity. Overgeneral recall is associated with a diagnosis of major depression [2][3][4][5] and trauma-related disorders such as acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. 6,7 Overgeneral recall is not found in patients with a variety of other psychiatric diagnoses 5,8,9 and normal individuals who score high on neuroticism and/or trait anxiety.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Autobiographical memory specificity and the course of major depressive disorder

Peeters

Wessel

Merckelbach

et al. 2002

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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142

105

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This study examined the stability of autobiographical memory dysfunction (i.e., difficulties in retrieving specific memories) during the course of major depressive disorder, its relation to early adverse experiences, and its influence on the course of depressive disorder. Using the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), specificity of autobiographical memory was assessed in 25 subjects with a current depressive disorder at baseline, and at 3 and 7 months follow-up. Also, information about self-reported childhood traumatization, and demographic and clinical variables was obtained. Autobiographical memory performance was relatively stable over time despite clinical improvement in the sample. It was not related to depression severity at baseline, while higher levels of childhood traumatization were correlated with more specific memory performance to negative cue words at baseline, but not during follow-up. Specific autobiographical responses to negative cue words predicted a better prognosis, whereas specific responses to positive cue words were not related to prognosis. Autobiographical memory dysfunction in depression appears to be stable over time, is related to short-term prognosis in depression, and may act as a vulnerability factor that influences the long-term course of depressive disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical memory specificity and the course of major depressive disorder

Peeters

Wessel

Merckelbach

et al. 2002

Comprehensive Psychiatry

Self Cite

142

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of studies by different research groups have shown OGM in adults with clinical depression (Brewin, Watson, McCarthy, Hyman, & Dayson, 1998;Goddard, Dritschel, & Burton, 1996;Kuyken & Dalgleish, 1995;Puffet, Jehin-Marchot, Timsit-Berthier, & Timsit, 1991;Wessel, Meeren, Peeters, Arntz, & Merckelbach, 2001), adolescents with major depressive disorder (Park, Goodyer, & Teasdale, 2002) and women with postnatal depression (Croll & Bryant, 2000), as well as in currently euthymic individuals with past major depressive or bipolar episodes (Mackinger, Pachinger, Leibetseder, & Fartacek, 2000;Scott, Stanton, Garland, & Ferrier, 2000) and in sub-clinically dysphoric participants (Goddard, Dritschel, & Burton, 1997;Ramponi, Barnard, & Nimmo-smith, 2004). This combination of findings suggests that OGM could be both a trait and a state marker of depression.…”

Section: Overgeneral Autobiographical Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Vorontsova¹,

Garety²,

Freeman³

2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Depression is common in people with schizophrenia, but how it might directly contribute to the persistence of psychotic symptoms has rarely been tested. The key aim of the present study was to test whether depression and associated cognitive processes predict the maintenance of persecutory delusions. Three groups of participants were tested at baseline: 60 patients with persecutory delusions in the context of a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis, 30 patients with depression, and 30 nonclinical controls. They completed interviewer and self-report assessments of depression and paranoia, and measures of six cognitive factors (schematic beliefs, experiential avoidance, autobiographical memory, problem solving, rumination, worry style). The patients with persecutory delusions were then assessed again, six months later. It was found that 50% of the patients with persecutory delusions met diagnostic criteria for major depression. Cognitive processes found to be associated with depression across the groups were negative schematic beliefs about the self, experiential avoidance and rumination, but not autobiographical memory or problem solving. The severity of initial depression in patients with persecutory delusions predicted the persistence of paranoia over six months. A number of cognitive factors also predicted the persistence of persecutory delusions, including negative schematic beliefs about the self, worry, and problem-solving difficulties. In conclusion, depression is common in patients with current persecutory delusions, and it shows similar cognitive features to major depressive disorder. The results of this study indicate that depression and related processes may contribute to the maintenance of paranoia. Trials are warranted of depression-related therapeutic techniques for people with persecutory delusions.

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“…[51] Depresif ve travmatik bireylerde aşırı genel anının olduğu görüşüne karşı kanıtlar da bulunmaktadır. [58,59] Çağrışımsal Ağ modeli, semantik (bilişsel) yapılar ile duyguları aynı model içine yerleştirerek önemli bir girişimde bulunmuştur. Bu yaklaşıma göre biliş-sel yapılar ile duygular nöral düzeyde nasıl aynı çalışma ilkelerine tabilerse, bunun zihinsel yansıması olan bellek modellerinde de aynı çalışma ilkeleriyle temsil edilebilmelidirler.…”

Section: Aşırı Genel Anı Ve Car-fa-x Modeliunclassified

Emotion and Autobiographical Memory

Sarp¹,

Tosun²

2011

Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychia

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Benlik ve zihin, insanın anlamlı geçmiş yaşantılarının birikimli etkisi ile oluşur. Bu tanım örtük ya da açık olarak pek çok kişilik kuramının temel kabulüdür. Böyle bir kabul hangi yönelimden olursa olsun kişilik kuramlarını kaçınılmaz olarak iki temel kavram üzerinde buluşturur. Bunlardan ilki yaşan-tılara anlam veren duygular, ikincisi ise bu yaşantıların birikimli şekilde saklanmasıyla ilgili olarak bellektir. Yaşantıların saklandığı ve geri getirildiği bellek yapısı otobiyografik bellektir. Kişilik oluşumunun yanı sıra duygular ve otobiyografik bellek, pek çok bozukluğun ortaya çıkması ve sürdürülmesinde de işlev görmektedirler. Dolayısıyla bu iki kavramın insanı açıklamada hem uzunlamasına hem de kesitsel işlevleri olduğu söylenebilir. Bozukluklar söz konusu olduğunda duygular ile otobiyografik belleğin gelişimsel olarak nasıl şekillendiğini anlamak, bize bozukluğun yatkınlaştırıcı içsel faktörlerini anlamada yardımcı olacaktır. Bu iki yapının akut bir olayda nasıl çalıştığını ve birbirini nasıl etkilediğini anlamak ise bozuklukların ortaya çıkarıcı mekanizmalarını anlamakta yardımcı olacaktır. Literatüre bakıldığında duygular ile otobiyografik belleği ele alan ve klinik sonuçları olan kuramların bir bütünlük göstermediği görülmektedir. Bellek kuramlarının genellikle bilişsel ve semantik yapılara ağırlık verdiği, duyguları ihmal ettiği, duygular ile ilgili kuramların ise genellikle belleği ve örgütlenmesini ihmal ettiği gözlenmektedir. Bu iki kavrama aynı çerçeve içinde yer veren kuramların sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu yazıda duygular ve otobiyografik belleği bir arada alan kuramlardan Benlik Bellek Sistemi, Çağrışımsal Ağ Kuramı, Yapısalcı ve Bağlamsal Kuramlar, Duygu Düzenleme Kuramı ele alınmıştır. Aynı zamanda, duygular ve otobiyografik bellekle bağlantılı depresyon ve travma konulu araştırmalar taranarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kuramların travma sonrası stres bozukluğundaki geri dönüş anıları, disosiyasyon, amnezi, aşırı genel anı gibi, depresyondaki rahatsız edici düşünceler, rüminasyonlar, olumsuz anı hatırlama, olumlu anı hatır-layamama yanlılıkları gibi belirtilerin anlaşılıp açıklanmasında yararlı olacağı

show abstract

Correlates of autobiographical memory specificity: the role of depression, anxiety and childhood trauma

Cited by 147 publications

References 27 publications

Autobiographical memory specificity and the course of major depressive disorder

Autobiographical memory specificity and the course of major depressive disorder

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Emotion and Autobiographical Memory

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