Correlated Transmission and Detection of Concentration-Modulated Chemical Vapor Plumes

Shakya, Pratistha; Kennedy, Eamonn; Rose, Christopher; Rosenstein, Jacob K.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2018.2850150

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Overall, the approximation for a large magnetic field is more reasonable for the considered distance of d m = 5 mm (here at z = 0 mm) and height h = 10 µm in Table I where v m ≈ 1 µm s −1 is obtained which we will use in the following. Here, the magnetic field gradient in (7) can be evaluated as −B (h/2) = 35.23 T m −1 at a magnetic flux density of B = 144 mT. In general, for the considered setup, even for z = −5 mm on the surface of the magnet, v m < 10 µm s −1 which is much smaller than the considered flow velocity v f = 0.5 mm s −1 .…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Molecular Communication in Microfluidic Environments

Wicke

Ahmadzadeh

Jamali

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans.on Nanobioscience

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The possibility to guide and control magnetic nanoparticles in a non-invasive manner has spawned various applications in biotechnology such as targeted drug delivery and sensing of biological substances. These applications are facilitated by the engineering of the size, selective chemical reactivity, and general chemical composition of the employed particles. Motivated by their widespread use and favorable properties, in this paper, we provide a theoretical study of the potential benefits of magnetic nanoparticles for the design of molecular communication systems. In particular, we consider magnetic nanoparticle based communication in a microfluidic channel where an external magnetic field is employed to attract the information-carrying particles to the receiver. We show that the particle transport affected by Brownian motion, fluid flow, and an external magnetic field can be mathematically modeled as diffusion with drift. Thereby, we reveal that the key parameters determining the magnetic force are the particle size and the magnetic field gradient. Moreover, we derive an analytical expression for the channel impulse response, which is used to evaluate the potential gain in the expected number of observed nanoparticles due to the magnetic field. Furthermore, adopting the symbol error rate as performance metric, we show that using magnetic nanoparticles can enable reliable communication in the presence of disruptive fluid flow. Numerical results obtained by particle-based simulation validate the accuracy of the derived analytical expressions.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Eqs. (6) and (7) are sufficient for describing the magnetic field within the assumed microfluidic channel where R mag d, w.…”

Section: Magnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Molecular Communication in Microfluidic Environments

Wicke

Ahmadzadeh

Jamali

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans.on Nanobioscience

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“…These experimental systems can be categorized as either air-based [9]- [11] or liquid-based [12]- [17] depending on the physical communication medium. Air-based systems have been developed for open space transmission [12] as well as for closed air ducts [10], [11], which offer a directed information transfer at the expense of the required infrastructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental System for Molecular Communication in Pipe Flow With Magnetic Nanoparticles

Wicke,

Unterweger,

Kirchner

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In the emerging field of molecular communication (MC), testbeds are needed to validate theoretical concepts, motivate applications, and guide further modeling efforts. To this end, this paper presents a flexible and extendable in-vessel MC testbed based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) dispersed in an aqueous suspension as they are also used for drug targeting in biotechnology.The transmitter is realized by an electronic pump for injection of the SPIONs stored in a syringe via a Y-tubing-connector. A second pump generates a background flow for signal propagation in the main tube, e.g., modeling a part of a chemical reactor or a blood vessel. For signal reception, we employ a commercial susceptometer, an electronic device including a coil, through which the magnetic particles move and non-intrusively generate an electrical signal. We identify the physical mechanisms governing transmission, propagation, and reception of SPIONs as signal carriers and propose a simple twoparameter mathematical model for the system's channel impulse response (CIR). Reliable communication is demonstrated for model-agnostic and model-based detection methods for experiments with 400 random symbols transmitted via on-off keying modulation with a 1 s symbol interval. Moreover, the proposed CIR model is shown to consistently capture the experimentally observed distance-dependent impulse response peak heights and peak decays for transmission distances from 5 cm to 40 cm.

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“…Nevertheless, current detection technologies are restricted due to the need for sophisticated instrumentation, a complicated operating procedure, and time-consuming analysis and are difficult to be applied for on-site low-dose chemical vapor detection. In contrast, the detection of low-dose chemical vapor is generally accomplished by various immunoassays and enzyme inhibition assays, which are capable of identifying biological analytes by converting the biological entities into electrical signals [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The assays provide comparative advantages in rapid responses, uncomplicated detection processes, and high sensitivity to selected chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Soluble Chemical Vapor Detection Enabled by Doctor-Blade-Coated Macroporous Photonic Crystals

Tsai

Hsieh

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Water-soluble chemicals, involving a wide range of toxic chemicals in aqueous solutions, remain essential in both daily living or industrial uses. However, most toxicants are evaporated with water through their use and thus cause deleterious effects on the domestic environment and health in humans. Unfortunately, most current low-dose chemical vapor detection technologies are restricted by the use of sophisticated instruments and unable to promptly detect the quantity of diverse toxicants in a single analysis. To address these issues, this study reports the development of simple and fast chemical vapor detection using doctor-blade-coated macroporous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/poly(ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate) photonic crystals, in which the poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) has strong affinity to insecticide vapor owing to a favorable Gibbs free energy change for their mixing. The condensation of water-soluble chemical vapor therefore results in a significant reflection peak shift and an obvious color change. The visual colorimetric readout can be further improved by increasing the lattice spacing of the macroporous photonic crystals. Furthermore, the dependence of the reflection peak position on vapor pressure under actual conditions and the reproducibility of vapor detecting are also evaluated in this study.

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Correlated Transmission and Detection of Concentration-Modulated Chemical Vapor Plumes

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Molecular Communication in Microfluidic Environments

Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Molecular Communication in Microfluidic Environments

Experimental System for Molecular Communication in Pipe Flow With Magnetic Nanoparticles

Water-Soluble Chemical Vapor Detection Enabled by Doctor-Blade-Coated Macroporous Photonic Crystals

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