Correction of the effects of source, source strength, and soft-tissue thickness on spine dual-photon absorptiometry measurements

Dawson‐Hughes, Bess; Deehr, Manya S.; Berger, Paul; Dallal, Gerald E.; Sadowski, Laura

doi:10.1007/bf02553759

Cited by 30 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…'~~) These measurements had been corrected for ls3Gd source strength, and spine BMD was also corrected for truncal thickness as described previously. (36) The mean lengths of time between baseline scans and the present study ranged from 6 months (total body) to 2.8 years (spine and hip).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Heritable and life-style determinants of bone mineral density

Krall

Dawson‐Hughes

1993

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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482

118

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Familial resemblance in bone mineral density at five skeletal sites was measured among 160 adult members of 40 families. Each family included a postmenopausal mother, one premenopausal daughter, one son, and the children's father. Similarities in selected life-style factors thought to influence bone density, such as physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, and diet, were also evaluated. Bone density was measured by dual-energy (total body, femoral neck, and lumbar spine) or single-photon (radius and os calcis) absorptiometry. Correlation coefficients between the midparent Z score and offspring Z scores of bone mineral density ranged from 0.22 to 0.52 among daughters and from 0.27 to 0.58 among sons. Adjustment of bone density for age, height, weight, and significant life-style or environmental factors yielded heritability estimates for the five skeletal sites between 0.46 and 0.62. That is, 46-62% of variance in bone density was attributable to heredity. Most estimates derived from the group of daughters were similar to those from the sons. These observations provide support for a significant contribution of heredity to bone density. However, an individual's life-style may account for a potentially large proportion of the nonheritable variance in bone density.

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Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Heritable and life-style determinants of bone mineral density

Krall

Dawson‐Hughes

1993

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

Self Cite

482

118

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“…We (Gotfredsen et al, 1986;Hassager et al, 1989) and others (Mazess et al, 1984;Wang et al, 1989) have documented the relative superiority of '53Gd-DPA compared to most other methods in terms of clinical versatility, low risk and accuracy. However, the precision of DPA is less than optimal because of the decaying gadolinium source, although this may be partly controllable (Dunn et al, 1987;Nilas et al, 1988;Dawson-Hughes et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of body composition by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Haarbo

Gotfredsen

Hassager

et al. 1991

Clinical Physiology

374

202

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The present study validates the use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for measurement of body composition. The precision error was expressed as the SD (CV%) for fat mass, FAT%, lean tissue mass, and total body bone mineral: 1.1 kg (6.4%), 1.6% (5.7%), 1.4 kg (3.1%), and 0.03 kg (1.2%), respectively. The accuracy study in vitro used (1) mixtures of water and alcohol, (2) mixtures of ox muscle and lard, and (3) dried bones. In the clinically relevant range of values there were only small influences on DEXA measurements of variations in amount and composition of the soft tissue equivalents. The accuracy study in vivo compared the components of body composition measured recently by DEXA and earlier by dual photon absorptiometry, counting of naturally occurring total body 40K, and body density by underwater weighing in 25 healthy adult subjects. We found agreement between fat percentage (and lean body mass) by DEXA and the three established measurements modalities; mean differences were (-5.3 to -0.4%) and (-0.7 to 2.5 kg) for fat percentage and lean body mass, respectively. We conclude that DEXA provides a new method of measuring body composition with precision and accuracy errors, which are compatible with the application of DEXA in group research studies and probably also in clinical measurements of the single subject.

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“…This new technique eliminates the problem of radioactive source decay inherent in DPA technology [8,11,12]. It has been designated under various names such as quantitative digital radiography (QDR), dual-energy radiography (DER), or dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebral bone mineral density measured laterally by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

et al. 1990

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The bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebrae in the anteroposterior (AP) view may be overestimated in osteoarthritis or with aortic calcification, which are common in elderly. Furthermore, the risk of spinal crush fracture should be more closely related inversely to the BMD of the vertebral body than to that of the posterior arch. Therefore, we measured BMD of lumbar vertebrae in lateral (LAT) view (L2-L3), using a standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DEXA), thus eliminating most of the posterior spinal elements. The precision of BMD LAT measurement was determined both in vitro and in healthy volunteers. Then, we compared the capability of BMD LAT and BMD AP scans for monitoring bone loss related to age and for discriminating the BMD of postmenopausal women with nontraumatic vertebral fractures from that of young subjects. In vitro, when a spine phantom was placed in lateral position in the middle of 26 cm of water in order to simulate both soft-tissue thickness and X-ray source remoteness, the coefficient of variation (CV) of six repeated determinations of BMD was 1.0%. In vivo, the CV of paired BMD LAT measurements obtained in 20 healthy volunteers after repositioning was 2.8%. The age-related difference between a peak bone mass group estimated in a group of 27 healthy women aged 20 to 35 years and a group of 50 women aged 60 to 75 years, in whom neither vertebral fracture nor osteoporosis risk factors could be detected, were 21.7% and 37.6% in AP and LAT view, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Correction of the effects of source, source strength, and soft-tissue thickness on spine dual-photon absorptiometry measurements

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Heritable and life-style determinants of bone mineral density

Heritable and life-style determinants of bone mineral density

Validation of body composition by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Vertebral bone mineral density measured laterally by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

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