Validation of body composition by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Haarbo, Jens; Gotfredsen, Anders; Hassager, Christian; Christiansen, Claus

doi:10.1111/j.1475-097x.1991.tb00662.x

Cited by 374 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…All have been shown to agree with UWW to within 5%. [12][13][14][15][16] The method of bioelectrical impedance (BIA) has received much attention as a convenient alternative to the more cumbersome methods listed above. However, BIA has not been validated in obese subjects or with weight loss and studies using it were excluded from the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in fat-free mass during significant weight loss: a systematic review

2006

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Objective: To identify the proportion of weight lost as fat-free mass (FFM) by various weight loss interventions. Methods: Medline and Embase were systematically searched for reliable measurements of FFM before and after weight loss of 410 kg and eligible data were pooled. In a fixed effect model of % FFM loss/weight loss (%FFML), linear regression analysis was used to determine the influence of degree of caloric restriction, exercise, magnitude of weight loss, initial body mass index (BMI) and type of surgery. Results: Data were included from 26 cohorts treated with dietary and behavioral interventions and 29 cohorts of bariatric surgery patients. The degree of caloric restriction was positively associated with %FFML (r 2 ¼ 0.31, P ¼ 0.006) and in three randomized controlled trials exercise was shown to decrease %FFML. Compared with laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) and roux en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) caused greater log e (natural log) %FFML (r 2 ¼ 0.453, Po0.001). Differences in log e %FFML between surgical procedures were independent of initial BMI and magnitude of weight loss. Conclusions: The degree of caloric restriction, exercise and rate of weight loss influence the proportion of weight lost as FFM after non-surgical interventions. For surgical interventions, BPD and RYGB result in greater %FFML than LAGB.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in fat-free mass during significant weight loss: a systematic review

2006

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“…14,27 We extended these previous investigations by exploring the ability of the machine to measure the fat content of ground beef when lard or water was added to it. Measurements were made on four 2.5 kg samples of lean ground beef.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) by comparison with chemical analysis of dogs and cats

Speakman

Booles²,

Butterwick³

2001

Int J Obes

105

107

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BACKGROUND: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been used extensively to measure body composition, but has been validated by comparison to chemical analysis on relatively few occasions. Moreover, these previous validation studies have ground up entire carcasses prior to chemical analysis, thus potentially obscuring sources of error in the DXA analysis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to validate DXA by comparison to chemical analysis in dogs and cats, performing chemical analysis on dissected rather than ground carcasses to reveal sources of discrepancy between the two methods. DESIGN: Sixteen animals (10 cats and 6 dogs weighing between 1.8 and 22.1 kg) were scanned by DXA post-mortem using a Hologic QDR-1000 W pencil beam machine and then dissected into 22 separate components. Individual tissues were dried and then sub-sampled for analysis of fat content by Soxholet extraction, or ashing in a muf¯e furnace. Body composition by DXA was compared to body composition by chemical analysis and discrepancies between the two correlated with chemical composition of individual tissues. We also explored the capability of the machine to establish the fat contents of mixtures of ground beef, lard and water. RESULTS: DXA estimates were strongly correlated with estimates derived from chemical analysis: total body mass (r 1.00), lean tissue mass (r 0.999), body water content (r 0.992) and fat mass (r 0.982). Across individuals the absolute and percentage discrepancies were also small: total body mass (13.2 g, 1.02%), lean tissue mass (119.4 g, 2.64%), water content (101 g, 1.57%) and fat content (28.5 g, 2.04%), where the percentage error is expressed relative to the average mass of that component across all individuals. Although on average DXA compared very well to chemical analysis, individual errors were much greater. Individual errors in the lean tissue and fat tissue components were strongly correlated with the fat content of skeletal muscle and the lean content of mesenteric fat. The error in the DXA estimate of total fat content was related to skeletal muscle hydration. Experimental studies using mixtures of lean ground beef, water and lard indicated that tissue hydration may have important effects on the perception of tissue fat content by DXA. Bone mineral content by DXA was approximately 30% lower than whole body ash content but only 7.7% lower than ash content of the bones. CONCLUSIONS: On average pencil beam DXA analysis using the Hologic QDR-1000 W machine provides an accurate estimate of body composition in subjects weighing between 1.8 and 22.1 kg. Individual discrepancies, however, can be large and appear to be related to lean tissue hydration.

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“…Quanto à análise de composição corpórea e distribuição do tecido adiposo, as pacientes foram submetidas aos métodos: de Bioimpedância (RJL 101 A) (19,20,23), Densitometria óssea e corpórea (DEXA) (21,22,24) e Tomografia abdominal (25).…”

Section: Materiais E Métodosunclassified

“…Na menopausa não foi encontrado aumento do depósito de gordura nas regiões glúteo-femural e mamaria, mas sim de depósito de gordura na região abdominal. Este e outros estudos (13)(14)(15)(16) sugerem fortemente que, em decorrência da diminuição dos níveis dos esteróides sexuais no climatério, há diminuição da atividade lipolítica no tecido adiposo abdominal e da ação da lipase lipoprotéica no tecido adiposo fêmuro-gluteal (13)(14)(15)(16)24,50,60).…”

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Composição corpórea, distribuição de gordura e metabolismo de repouso em mulheres histerectomizadas no climatério: há diferenças de acordo com a forma da administração do estrogênio?

Reis¹,

Melo²,

Vezzozo³

et al. 2000

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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RESUMOAs mulheres no climatério sofrem inúmeras alterações metabólicas, cardiovasculares e de composição corporal. A terapêutica de reposição hormonal (TRH) vem alcançando importância na atualidade, tornandose quase um consenso que a mulher após a menopausa deve receber hormônios, pelos benefícios que trazem para a saúde, tais como prevenção de doenças coronarianas e osteoporose. A forma de administração de estrogênios influi em uma série de parâmetros metabólicos; é sabido, por exemplo, que a administração oral provoca uma elevação no hormônio de crescimento (GH) e uma diminuição do IGFI: quanto à forma (transdérmica), os estudos ainda não são conclusivos quanto aos níveis do GH e IGFI. Por outro lado, o GH e o IGFI podem agir de maneiras diferentes no metabolismo lipídico, ósseo e na distribuição de gordura corpórea. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as variações da distribuição visceral de gordura nas diferentes formas de administração estrogênica e, particularmente, verificar se a forma de administração do hormônio altera a quantidade de gordura visceral. Foram estudadas 33 mulheres no climatério, histerectomizadas, divididas em 3 grupos: 1) 13 pacientes recebendo estrogênio eqüino conjugado 0,625mg via oral diariamente; 2) 10 pacientes recebendo 17b estradiol TTS 50 2x/semana via transdérmica e; 3) 10 pacientes recebendo placebo. Estas pacientes foram submetidas: a) análise da composição corporal pelos métodos de bioimpedância (RJL 101-A) e densitometria óssea e corpórea (DEXA); b) análise da distribuição de gordura, particularmente de adiposidade visceral, pela tomografia computadorizada abdominal e; c) medida do metabolismo de repouso pelo calorímetro DELTA-TRAC. Foram ainda feitas dosagens laboratoriais de colesterol total e frações, triglicérides e glicemia aos 0,6 e 12 meses. Não observamos diferenças estatística significativas nos parâmetros estudados em nenhum dos 3 grupos (placebo, estrógeno oral e estrogênio transdérmico), embora notamos tendência a maior ganho de peso nos grupos com estrógenos e tendência a maior ganho de massa magra no grupo com estrogênio transdérmico. ABSTRACTWomen in climacteric go through several metabolic, cardiovascular and body composition alterations. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has gained importance, and it is nearly a consensus that post-menopausal women should be given hormones due to benefits to health, such as prevention from coronary artery disease and osteoporosis. Administration of estrogens influence a series of metabolic parameters: orally administered, it causes increase in growth hormone levels and decrease in IGFI; as to transdermal route, the studies are not conclusive in relation to GH and IGFI levels. On the other hand, GH and IGFI may interfere in different ways in lipid and bone metabolism and in body fat distribution. The objective of this paper was to study variations in visceral fat distribution in

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Validation of body composition by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Cited by 374 publications

References 19 publications

Changes in fat-free mass during significant weight loss: a systematic review

Changes in fat-free mass during significant weight loss: a systematic review

Validation of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) by comparison with chemical analysis of dogs and cats

Composição corpórea, distribuição de gordura e metabolismo de repouso em mulheres histerectomizadas no climatério: há diferenças de acordo com a forma da administração do estrogênio?

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