Correction: Assessment of the Geographic Distribution of Ornithodoros turicata (Argasidae): Climate Variation and Host Diversity

Donaldson, Taylor G.; León, Adalberto A. Pérez de; Li, Andrew Y.; Castro-Arellano, Iván; Wozniak, Edward J.; Boyle, William K.; Hargrove, Reid; Wilder, Hannah K.; Kim, Hee J.; Teel, Pete D.; López, Job E.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004538

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Borrelia turicatae is known as a New World agent of tick-borne relapsing fever, which is prevalent throughout the southern United States and Latin America, and maintained there in enzootic cycles by a soft tick, O . turicata [ 19 ]. This tick is present throughout Mexico and Central and South America, where it colonizes peridomestic settings and inhabits burrows, nests, caves, and cavities under rocky outcrops.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of relapsing fever Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasmataceae bacteria in argasid ticks in Algeria

et al. 2017

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BackgroundArgasid ticks (soft ticks) are blood-feeding arthropods that can parasitize rodents, birds, humans, livestock and companion animals. Ticks of the Ornithodoros genus are known to be vectors of relapsing fever borreliosis in humans. In Algeria, little is known about relapsing fever borreliosis and other bacterial pathogens transmitted by argasid ticks.Methodology/Principal findingsBetween May 2013 and October 2015, we investigated the presence of soft ticks in 20 rodent burrows, 10 yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) nests and animal shelters in six locations in two different bioclimatic zones in Algeria. Six species of argasid ticks were identified morphologically and through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The presence and prevalence of Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp., Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasmataceae was assessed by qPCR template assays in each specimen. All qPCR-positive samples were confirmed by standard PCR, followed by sequencing the amplified fragments. Two Borrelia species were identified: Borrelia hispanica in Ornithodoros occidentalis in Mostaganem, and Borrelia cf. turicatae in Carios capensis in Algiers. One new Bartonella genotype and one new Anaplasmataceae genotype were also identified in Argas persicus.ConclusionsThe present study highlights the presence of relapsing fever borreliosis agents, although this disease is rarely diagnosed in Algeria. Other bacteria of unknown pathogenicity detected in argasid ticks which may bite humans deserve further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O . turicata are also promiscuous feeders, and recognized hosts include prairie dogs, ground squirrels, snakes, cattle, pigs, and the gopher tortoise [ 19 ]. Borrelia turicatae is genetically closely related to B .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of relapsing fever Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasmataceae bacteria in argasid ticks in Algeria

et al. 2017

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“…Interestingly, these genes were variable in number and repetitive sequence across the WHsTBRF spirochetes. Ornithodoros species are known to feed on a variety of vertebrate hosts ( 70 – 75 ), and the observed variability in CRASP homologs may contribute to complement resistance traits that result in the diversification of susceptible hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics analysis of three conserved plasmid families in the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae provides insight into variation in genome structure and antigenic variation systems

Kneubehl,

Lopez

2023

Microbiol Spectr

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Borrelia spirochetes, causative agents of Lyme disease and relapsing fever (RF), have uniquely complex genomes, consisting of a linear chromosome and both circular and linear plasmids. The plasmids harbor genes important for the vector-host life cycle of these tick-borne bacteria. The role of plasmids from Lyme disease causing spirochetes is more refined compared to RF Borrelia because of limited plasmid-resolved genome assemblies for the latter. We recently addressed this limitation and found that three linear plasmid families (F6, F27, and F28) were syntenic across all the RF Borrelia species that we examined. Given this conservation, we further investigated the three plasmid families. The F6 family, also known as the megaplasmid, contained regions of repetitive DNA. The F27 was the smallest, encoding genes with unknown function. The F28 family encoded the putative expression locus for antigenic variation in all species except Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia anserina . Taken together, this work provides a foundation for future investigations to identify essential plasmid-localized genes that drive the vector-host life cycle of RF Borrelia . IMPORTANCE Borrelia spp. spirochetes are arthropod-borne bacteria found globally that infect humans and other vertebrates. RF borreliae are understudied and misdiagnosed pathogens because of the vague clinical presentation of disease and the elusive feeding behavior of argasid ticks. Consequently, genomics resources for RF spirochetes have been limited. Analyses of Borrelia plasmids have been challenging because they are often highly fragmented and unassembled in most available genome assemblies. By utilizing Oxford Nanopore Technologies, we recently generated plasmid-resolved genome assemblies for seven Borrelia spp. found in the Western Hemisphere. This current study is an in-depth investigation into the linear plasmids that were conserved and syntenic across species. We identified differences in genome structure and, importantly, in antigenic variation systems between species. This work is an important step in identifying crucial plasmid-localized genetic elements essential for the life cycle of RF spirochetes.

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Borrelia

Barbour¹,

Schwan²

2018

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Bor.rel'i.a. N.L. fem. n. Borrelia , named after Amédée Borrel (1867–1936). Spirochaetes / Spirochaetia / Spirochaetales / Spirochaetaceae / Borrelia Cells are helical, 0.2–0.3 µm in diameter and 10–35 µm in length. Coils are regular in spacing. Motile. Inner and outer membranes with periplasmic flagella with 15–20 subterminal insertion points in most species. Aniline‐stain‐positive. Microaerophilic. Ferments glucose. Most species cultivable in complex, serum‐containing medium that includes N ‐acetylglucosamine. Optimum growth between 33 and 38°C. Cells are polyploid, with each genome comprising a linear chromosome and one or more linear and circular plasmids. All species are host‐associated organisms that are transmitted between a mammalian, avian, or reptilian reservoir by a hematophagous arthropod. These include argasid ticks, prostriate ixodid ticks, metastriate ixodid ticks, and the human body louse. Transovarial transmission is common in the genus. Members include all known agents of relapsing fever as well as the agents of avian, bovine, and reptilian borreliosis. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 27.5–29.8. Type species : Borrelia anserina (Sakharoff 1891) Bergey, Harrison, Breed, Hammer and Huntoon 1925, 435 AL ( Spirochaeta anserina Sakharoff 1891, 565; Spiroschaudinnia anserina (Sakharoff 1891) Sambon 1907, 834).

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Correction: Assessment of the Geographic Distribution of Ornithodoros turicata (Argasidae): Climate Variation and Host Diversity

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Detection of relapsing fever Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasmataceae bacteria in argasid ticks in Algeria

Detection of relapsing fever Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasmataceae bacteria in argasid ticks in Algeria

Comparative genomics analysis of three conserved plasmid families in the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae provides insight into variation in genome structure and antigenic variation systems

Borrelia

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