Coronaviruses in poultry and other birds

Genetic grouping of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Brazil based on RT-PCR/RFLP analysis of the S1 gene

“…The RFLP patterns of this gene correlate with the main IBV serotypes (Kwon et al 1993, Jackwood et al 1997, 2005). The method is rapid and has led to the identification of a high number of virus isolates, which was not possible with the traditional tests (Jackwood et al 1997(Jackwood et al , 2005.…”

“…Typing by functional tests, results in pathotypes, protectotypes and antigenic types (De Wit 2000, Cavanagh 2005). The pathotype is defined by tissue tropism and predominant lesions displayed by an IBV strain in natural hosts (Cavanagh 2005).…”

“…Typing by functional tests, results in pathotypes, protectotypes and antigenic types (De Wit 2000, Cavanagh 2005). The pathotype is defined by tissue tropism and predominant lesions displayed by an IBV strain in natural hosts (Cavanagh 2005). Grouping of IBV strains into protectotypes provides direct data about the efficacy of a vaccine and strains that induce protection against each other belong to the same protectotype.…”

The Protective Immune Response against Infectious Bronchitis Virus Induced by Multi-Epitope Based Peptide Vaccines

“…1,2) Control of the disease currently relies on vaccination with inactivated vaccines and live-attenuated vaccines. 3,4) However, inactivated vaccines frequently fail to induce strong cellular immunity, 5) while live-attenuated vaccines can contribute to the emergence of antigenic variant viruses. 6) Therefore, there is a pressing need for the development of safer and more effective vaccines for the practical control of IBV.…”

Prevalence of infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease virus among domestic and wild birds in H5N1 outbreaks areas

“…Intensive research and survey on these diseases has been conducted in developed countries because of their impact on the economy and possible transmission to humans. The poultry business is traditionally managed and is of wide interest to many farmers but few studies have been done in African countries to survey these threatening infectious diseases, which has led to high losses of poultry birds [1,6,[7][8][9][10][11][12]18,19]. Unfortunately, these two diseases have not been previously studied in Burkina Faso despite the importance of the poultry industry in this country; approximately 32 million chickens per year are slaughtered.…”