Coronavirus lockdown effect on type 1 diabetes management οn children wearing insulin pump equipped with continuous glucose monitoring system

Christoforidis, Athanasios; Kavoura, Evgenia; Nemtsa, Aggeliki; Pappa, Konstantina; Dimitriadou, Meropi

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108307

Cited by 64 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…In this study data of 3-weeks before and after lockdown were compared and no significant difference in insulin TDD and TIR values was demonstrated. The %CV values significantly decreased, but they were reported to be above 36% (53). During the first 2-weeks lockdown period, as compared to the 2-weeks previous, higher TIR values and lower TAR values were demonstrated in Italian pre-school and school T1D children using CGM and semi-automated insulin delivery systems, while TBR was unchanged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Glycemic Control Improvement in Italian Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Followed Through Telemedicine During Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2020

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Background/ObjectiveTo minimize the wide spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Italy was placed in an almost complete lockdown state that forced people to “stay at home”. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lockdown on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) followed through telemedicine.Subjects/MethodsThis observational study involved patients with T1D using the real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) Dexcom G6®. Ambulatory glucose profile data from the 3-months before schools closure (November 26, 2019–February 23, 2020; T0) and from the 3-months of consecutive lockdown (February 24–May 18, 2020; T1) were compared.ResultsSixty-two children and adolescents (11.1 ± 4.37 years, 50% males) with T1D (median time disease 3.67 years) were enrolled in the study. Insulin total daily dose was unchanged, while time spent on physical activities was decreased (p<0.0001). Despite the lack of statistical significance, median value of the glucose management indicator decreased from 7.4% to 7.25%. Glucose standard deviation (p<0.0001) and coefficient of variation (p=0.001) improved across the study. Median time in range increased from 60.5% to 63.5% (p=0.008), time above range decreased from 37.3% to 34.1% (p=0.048), and time below range decreased from 1.85% to 1.45% (p=0.001).ConclusionsOverall, in our children and adolescents with T1D glycemic control improved during lockdown. Despite patients were confined to their homes and limited to exercise, our data suggest that the use of real-time CGM, the continuous parental management, and the telemedicine can display beneficial effects on T1D care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Glycemic Control Improvement in Italian Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Followed Through Telemedicine During Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2020

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“…A study involving type 1 DM patients undergoing continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) reported a significantly longer time at target blood sugar levels (70–180 mg/dl) over a 14-day lockdown period compared to pre-lockdown, although no difference was detected in time remaining hypoglycemic [ 15 ]. In a similar study of type 1 DM patients followed-up with CGM, no statistically significant difference was found between pre-lockdown and post-lockdown glucose parameters, although a significant difference was determined between breakfast and dinner [ 16 ]. These two studies were consistent with the present research in terms of, contrary to expectation, the lockdown period having no adverse impact on glucose parameters, and in terms on increase in hypoglycemia being observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Turkey

Önmez

Gamsızkan

Özdemir

et al. 2020

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

105

139

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Background and aims A national lockdown to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Turkey was introduced in March 2020. We think that lockdowns may lead to weight gain and worsening of glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate how type 2 DM patients were affected by the lockdown. Method Type 2 DM patients unable to attend regular follow-ups due to lockdown over a 75-day period between March and June 2020 and who again attended polyclinic follow-up when the lockdown was lifted were included in the study. These patients’ glycemic control and weight status were compared with the pre-lockdown period. In addition, patients’ general habits, and adherence to diet and exercise were evaluated, while their general health was assessed using the Short-Form 36-item survey. Result The research involved 101 type 2 DM patients, 57 men (56.5%) and 44 women (44.5%), with a mean age of 55 ± 13. Patients’ mean pre-lockdown weight was 84.7 ± 16.4 kg, rising to 85.5 ± 16.8 kg post-lockdown, although the increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.781). In terms of glycemic parameters, Hba1c rose from 7.67 ± 1.76 to 8.11 ± 2.48, and fasting glucose from 157.9 (83–645) mg/dl to 163.2 (84–550) mg/dl, none of which were statistically significant (p = 0.253, p = 0.079, respectively). Conclusion In addition to weight gain among type 2 DM patients during the Covid 19 lockdown, statistically insignificant increases were also observed in such glycemic parameters. This was a small sample and further studies with larger sample are needed.

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“…These findings are consistent with the previous study which reported change in routine care of the people suffering from chronic diseases [ 5 ]. Similarly, it was reported that glycemic control of diabetic patients was affected in the lockdown period [ 6 ]. Children suffering from gastrointestinal disorders also severely affected due to the lockdown [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with chronic diseases

Saqib

Siddiqui

Qasim

et al. 2020

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

135

114

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Background and aims We sought to measure the effect of lockdown, implemented to contain COVID-19 infection, on routine living and health of patients with chronic diseases and challenges faced by them. Methods A semi-structured online questionnaire was generated using “Google forms” and sent to the patients with chronic diseases using WhatsApp. Data were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS. Results Out of 181 participants, 98% reported effect of lockdown on their routine living while 45% reported an effect on their health. The key challenges due to lockdown were to do daily exercise, missed routine checkup/lab testing and daily health care. Conclusion It is important to strategize the plan for patients with chronic diseases during pandemic or lockdown.

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Coronavirus lockdown effect on type 1 diabetes management οn children wearing insulin pump equipped with continuous glucose monitoring system

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

Glycemic Control Improvement in Italian Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Followed Through Telemedicine During Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Glycemic Control Improvement in Italian Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Followed Through Telemedicine During Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Turkey

Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with chronic diseases

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