Background and aims A national lockdown to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Turkey was introduced in March 2020. We think that lockdowns may lead to weight gain and worsening of glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate how type 2 DM patients were affected by the lockdown. Method Type 2 DM patients unable to attend regular follow-ups due to lockdown over a 75-day period between March and June 2020 and who again attended polyclinic follow-up when the lockdown was lifted were included in the study. These patients’ glycemic control and weight status were compared with the pre-lockdown period. In addition, patients’ general habits, and adherence to diet and exercise were evaluated, while their general health was assessed using the Short-Form 36-item survey. Result The research involved 101 type 2 DM patients, 57 men (56.5%) and 44 women (44.5%), with a mean age of 55 ± 13. Patients’ mean pre-lockdown weight was 84.7 ± 16.4 kg, rising to 85.5 ± 16.8 kg post-lockdown, although the increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.781). In terms of glycemic parameters, Hba1c rose from 7.67 ± 1.76 to 8.11 ± 2.48, and fasting glucose from 157.9 (83–645) mg/dl to 163.2 (84–550) mg/dl, none of which were statistically significant (p = 0.253, p = 0.079, respectively). Conclusion In addition to weight gain among type 2 DM patients during the Covid 19 lockdown, statistically insignificant increases were also observed in such glycemic parameters. This was a small sample and further studies with larger sample are needed.

Background COVID‐19 infection is severe in the presence of older age, male gender and risk factors. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the level of anxiety created by immensely spreading COVID‐19‐related information and age, gender and the presence of risk factors. Material and Methods The data used in this study were obtained by collecting a 25‐question questionnaire created through Google forms with various communication tools. Results The data of 929 people who answered the questionnaire were used. The level of anxiety increased with age significantly, upon hearing that a person from their age group was harmed by the virus (P < .001). The feelings of being depressed and hopeless significantly increased as the age increased (P < .001). There was no significant difference between the genders in terms of feeling depressed and feeling of lack of joy in life (P = .066, P = .308, respectively). Participants with chronic diseases stated that they felt more depressed and hopeless and a lack of joy in life more frequently (P < .001). Conclusion Our results indicated that individuals with older age and having risk factors were more vulnerable to the stress caused by the pandemic. It is necessary for healthcare providers to identify high‐risk groups by considering these situations, in order to make early psychological interventions.

To evaluate the effects of Caspase-3 (CASP3) gene expression and serum levels on preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A total of 41 individuals (male: 21; female: 20) with SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the current study. Hemograms were examined from patient blood samples, and CASP3 gene expression levels were detected. Also, human CASP3 levels were determined from the serum samples of patients. The mean age of patients was 56.220 ± 18.937 years. Significant differences were detected among all groups for CASP3 2 C −ΔΔ t (p = 0.014) and CASP3 concentration (p = 0.024). The relationship between CASP3 2 C −ΔΔ t levels and hemoglobin (p = 0.023), between CASP3 2 C −ΔΔ t levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.001), between CASP3 2 C −ΔΔ t levels and ferritin (p = 0.003), between CASP3 2 C −ΔΔ t levels and lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.001), and between CASP3 2 C −ΔΔ t levels and SpO 2 (p = 0.006) were statistically significant. Also, the relationship between CASP3 concentration levels and SpO 2 was statistically significant (p < 0.046). The CASP3 gene and/or its products have an important function to prevent injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. They play crucial roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and viability. Perhaps CASP3 levels may provide information about the severity of the disease.

Obesity is a disease that causes social, psychological and physical discomfort to the patient. Although there are diet, medication, behavioural and surgical options in its treatment, it progresses with relapse in most cases. Since the underlying cause is not fully understood and causes problems in many organ systems, obesity is still being investigated in all aspects. 1,2 The problem of "why obesity occurs only in some people despite the same calorie intake?", has led studies to focus on feeding time and eating rituals. Recent reviews in the literature say that the individual's biological rhythm and feeding time are associated with obesity. Inconsistent and irregular timing of food intake is associated with increased body weight. 3 Recent research shows that long-term circadian disruptions increase the risk of developing obesity. 4 Chronobiological studies, which investigate the rhythmic change in vital phenomena over a period of time, have begun to shed light on the metabolic and circadian background of obesity. 5

Çalışmamızda acil servise bir yılda başvuran hastalarda mükerrer başvuruların incelenmesi ve çözüm önerilerinin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Acil Servise Ekim 2018-Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran hastalara ait veriler retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri, başvuru tanıları, yatış ve konsültasyon bilgileri yanı sıra ilk başvurudan sonraki bir ay içinde tekrar başvuru oranları, yatış durumu, sevk edilme durumu, reçete verilme durumu ve tanıları incelendi. Bulgular: Bir yıl içinde acil servise 75622 hasta başvurmuş olup %54,5'i kadın ve %45,5'i erkekti; hastaların yaş ortalaması 40,3±20,2 (0-108) idi. Acil servise gelen hastaların %17,2'si bir ay içinde bir kez gelen hastalardı. Bir ayda birden fazla kez gelen hastaların ortalama gelme sayısı 2,54±1,6'dır. Bir yıl içinde acil hastaların %8,4'üne yatış işlemi yapılırken, %0,4'ü sevk edilmiştir. Bir ay içinde tekrar başvuruların %16,4 yatış yapılmıştır. Bir yıl içinde acil servis birimine gelen hastaların %53,7'sine reçete yazılmıştır. En sık başvuru tanısı ağrı ve üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonları olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Sağlık kuruluşlarının en önemli vizyon göstergelerinden biri olan acil sağlık hizmetlerinin verildiği acil servislere tekrar başvuru sayılarını azaltmak için eğitim ile arttırıp sağlık okur yazarlık seviyesini arttırmamız, birinci basamak sistemini etkin kullandırmak, sevk zincirini aktifleştirmek ve acil servis benzeri 7/24 çalışan genel poliklinik sistemi üzerinde çalışmak çözüm önerileri olabilir.