Coronary heart disease is associated with non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Abstract

The progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) to Alzheimer's disease and hypothesized progression of non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (na-MCI) to non-degenerative or vascular dementias suggest etiologic differences. We examined the association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes in a population-based cohort. Participants (n = 1969; aged 70-89 years) were evaluated using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, a neurological examination, and neuropsychological testing for diagnoses of normal cognition, MCI, or dementia. CHD was defined as a history of myocardial infarction, angina, angiographic coronary stenosis, or coronary revascularization and ascertained by participant interview and from medical records. CHD was significantly associated with Na-MCI (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.22-3.06) but not with a-MCI (OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.69-1.28). In contrast, ApoE ε4 allele was significantly associated with a-MCI (OR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.28-2.41), but not with na-MCI (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.69-2.00). The association of CHD with prevalent na-MCI but not with a-MCI suggests that CHD and na-MCI may have similar underlying etiologies.

[P3–542]: Coronary Heart Disease and Risk for Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

“…Out of nine cross-sectional studies, six studies reported on MI [27,[33][34][35][36][37], three on AP [34,36,37], and five on the CHD compound (MI+AP) [27,[37][38][39][40]. Of the six studies investigating MI, four found a significant relation with poor cognitive functioning [27,33,34,37], and two studies found no association with prevalent cognitive impairment [35,36].…”

“…Of the six studies investigating MI, four found a significant relation with poor cognitive functioning [27,33,34,37], and two studies found no association with prevalent cognitive impairment [35,36]. For AP, two studies found a significant association with poor cognitive functioning [34,37], whereas one study found no association with mild cognitive impairment [36].…”

“…Of the six studies investigating MI, four found a significant relation with poor cognitive functioning [27,33,34,37], and two studies found no association with prevalent cognitive impairment [35,36]. For AP, two studies found a significant association with poor cognitive functioning [34,37], whereas one study found no association with mild cognitive impairment [36]. For the CHD compound studies, three studies found a significant association with poor cognitive functioning [27,37,40], one study found no relation with cognitive function or cognitive impairment [38], and one study found a significant association with dementia risk [39].…”

“…In the meta-analysis, four studies representing 623,588 persons could be included [35,36,38,39]. CHD was not significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment or dementia (OR = 1.23, 95%CI = 0.76-1.97, p = 0.398; Figure H in S5 Appendix).…”

“…Similar non-significant results were found for MI (OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 0.79-1.57, p = 0.548; Figure J in S5 Appendix). It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis for AP since there was only one study [36].…”