Coronary artery calcium score as a prognostic factor of adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a comprehensive review

Yousefimoghaddam, Fateme; Goudarzi, Ehsan; Ramandi, Alireza; Khaheshi, Isa

doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101175

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…There are several ways to define CAC scoring; Agatston scoring, volume scoring, mass scoring, and visualization scoring (V-CACS). Patients with elevated atherosclerosis risk can be identified and risk-stratified using the clinical application of the CAC score [Shabestari A 2013;Yousefimoghaddam F et al 2022]. A non-contrast computed tomography of the chest, which may be performed during COVID-19 diagnosis, can be used to determine the CAC score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between coronary artery calcium score and COVID-19 prognosis

Ahmadi-Soleimani

Motamedi

Amjad

et al. 2023

NAMJ

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Background: Research has examined the relationships between coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores and mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit admissions. This paper summarizes the predictive value of coronary artery calcification scoring for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in terms of mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit admission. Methods: The patients in this single-center retrospective analysis have COVID-19 and were hospitalized at the Firouzabadi hospital in Tehran between 2019 and 2020. coronary artery calcificationscore was estimated based on chest non-contrast CT scans on the day of admission. Based on the coronary artery calcification score, the patients were categorized into Very Low, Mild to Moderate, and Moderate to Severe. After a univariate analysis of the critical factors, odds ratio (OR) analysis and multivariate analysis of variables that could be linked to COVID-19 advancement were carried out. Results: a total of 719 patients were examined. Among them, 414 patients were men. Mortality with a 17.1 % prevalence was statistically significant between CAS score levels (P < 0.001). This factor has high OR with mild to moderate and moderate to severe CAS (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.71 to 3.06, and OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.84 to 3.57). Oxygen saturation was a significant statistic between CAS score levels (P = 0.02). This factor has a high OR with mild to moderate and moderate to severe CAS (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.71 to 3.60, and OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 0.89 to 2.9). There was no statistical difference between the groups’ outcomes of mechanical ventilation and admission types. Conclusion: In this study, the coronary artery calcification scores of patients with COVID-19 were compared, while the outcomes of interest mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unitU admission were closely investigated. In light of these findings, coronary artery calcificationscoring can help in patient stratification, enabling earlier therapies for disorders to progress quickly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between coronary artery calcium score and COVID-19 prognosis

Ahmadi-Soleimani

Motamedi

Amjad

et al. 2023

NAMJ

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“…Numerous studies have shown that CACS (computer tomography assessed coronary artery calcium score) values correlate with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as all-cause mortality [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. CACS is performed non-invasively and can be used to diagnose calcium deposits in coronary vessels before these become symptomatic [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recently published DANCAVAS results further substantiate that cardiovascular screening, including CACS, blood pressure measurement and selected laboratory tests, plus treatment as appropriate, may lower the risk of death, heart attack and stroke particularly in patients under 70 years of age [ 14 ]. CACS measurement performed within the context of chest computer tomography (CT) to assess COVID-19 status has also increased the acceptance of CACS [ 11 , 15 ]. Nevertheless, there are currently no studies that have published substantial CACS data in an Austrian population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Association between Educational Status and Coronary CT Calcium Scores: Should We Reflect This in Our ASCVD Risk Assumptions?

Dienhart

Paulweber

Frey

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Education is not a factor included in most cardiovascular risk models, including SCORE2. However, higher education has been associated with lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Using CACS as a proxy for ASCVD, we studied the association between CACS and educational status. Subjects, aged 40–69, from the Paracelsus 10,000 cohort, who underwent calcium scoring as part of screening for subclinical ASCVD, were classified into low, medium, and high educational status using the Generalized International Standard Classification of Education. CACS was dichotomised as either 0 or >0 for logistic regression modelling. Our analysis showed that higher educational status was associated with higher odds for 0 CACS (aOR 0.42; 95%CI 0.26–0.70; p = 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant association between the levels of total, HDL or LDL cholesterol and educational status, nor any statistical differences in HbA1c. SCORE2 did not differ between the three educational categories (4 ± 2% vs. 4 ± 3% vs. 4 ± 2%; p = 0.29). While our observations confirmed the relationship between increased educational status and lower ASCVD risk, the effect of educational status was not mediated via its impact on classical risk factors in our cohort. Thus, perhaps educational status should be taken into account to more accurately reflect individual risk in cardiovascular risk models.

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A Novel Combined Model to Predict the Prognosis of COVID-19: Radiologicalmetabolic Scoring

Zorlu

Öz

2023

CMIR

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aims: To describe the relationship between pancreas steatosis, hepatic steatosis and the coronary heart disease risk and effects in COVID-19 patients. background: Metabolic syndrome increases adverse outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Hepatic steatosis,pancreatic steatosis and coronary heart disease may increase risk of COVID-19 severity and prognosis. objective: To investigate the performance of a novel radiological-metabolic scoring (RM-S) system to predict mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) requirement among COVID-19 patients and to compare performance with the chest computed-tomography severity-scoring (C-CT-SS). method: Between May 2021 and January 2022, 397 patients with COVID-19 were included in this retrospective cohort study. All demographic, clinical and laboratory data, and chest CT images of patients were retrospectively reviewed. RM-S, V-CAC-S, HS-S, PS-S and C-CT-SS scores were calculated, and their performance to predict mortality and ICU requirement were evaluated by univariate and multivariable analyses. result: A total of 32 (8.1%) patients died and 77 (19.4%) patients required ICU admission. Mortality and ICU admission were both associated with older age (p < 0.001). Sex distribution was similar in the deceased vs. survivor and ICU vs. non-ICU comparisons (p = 0.974 and p = 0.626, respectively). Multiple logistic regression revealed that mortality was independently associated with having a C-CT-SS score of ≥14 (p < 0.001) and severe RM-S category (p = 0.010), while ICU requirement was independently associated with having a C-CT-SS score of ≥14 (p < 0.001) and severe V-CAC-S category (p = 0.010). conclusion: RM-S, C-CT-SS, and V-CAC-S are useful tools that can be used to predict patients with poor prognosis for COVID-19. Long-term prospective follow-up of patients with high RM-S scores can be useful for the prediction of long COVID.

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Coronary artery calcium score as a prognostic factor of adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a comprehensive review

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Association between coronary artery calcium score and COVID-19 prognosis

Association between coronary artery calcium score and COVID-19 prognosis

Inverse Association between Educational Status and Coronary CT Calcium Scores: Should We Reflect This in Our ASCVD Risk Assumptions?

A Novel Combined Model to Predict the Prognosis of COVID-19: Radiologicalmetabolic Scoring

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