Corneal Regeneration Using Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Adipose-derived stem cells are a subtype of mesenchymal stem cell that offers the important advantage of being easily obtained (in an autologous manner) from low invasive procedures, rendering a high number of multipotent stem cells with the potential to differentiate into several cellular lineages, to show immunomodulatory properties, and to promote tissue regeneration by a paracrine action through the secretion of extracellular vesicles containing trophic factors. This secretome is currently being investigated as a potential source for a cell-free based regenerative therapy for human tissues, which would significantly reduce the involved costs, risks and law regulations, allowing for a broader application in real clinical practice. In the current article, we will review the existing preclinical and human clinical evidence regarding the use of such adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the regeneration of the three main layers of the human cornea: the epithelium (derived from the surface ectoderm), the stroma (derived from the neural crest mesenchyme), and the endothelium (derived from the neural crest cells).

Hyaluronic acid based next generation bioink for 3D bioprinting of human stem cell derived corneal stromal model with innervation

“…Human turbinate-derived mesenchymal stem cell derived CSKs have been also explored as an alternative cell source for 3D bioprinting of cornea stroma [57]. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to show 3D bioprinted cornea stroma with hASC-CSKs relevant for clinical applications [71].…”

Cornea-Specific Human Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix for Corneal Stroma Tissue Engineering

“…Consequently, there is no need for donor corneas in any step of the 3D bioprinting process, and the production of corneal stroma-specific biomaterial as well as the cells for bioprinting can be carried out concurrently in a controlled environment. The current bottleneck in developing cell-based therapies includes achieving sufficient cell quantity and quality as well as maintaining the production cost-effective and scalable. , Combined with the clinical relevance of hASCs in corneal regeneration, the bioprinting process introduced in this work offers a more straightforward and cost-effective option for manufacturing corneal stroma structures with reduced cost of goods, possibilities for scaling up and lower batch-to-batch variation.…”

“…The current bottleneck in developing cell-based therapies includes achieving sufficient cell quantity and quality as well as maintaining the production cost-effective and scalable. 58,59 Combined with the clinical relevance of hASCs in corneal regeneration, 60 the bioprinting process introduced in this work offers a more straightforward and cost-effective option for manufacturing corneal stroma structures with reduced cost of goods, possibilities for scaling up and lower batch-to-batch variation.…”

Effects of extracellular vesicles from adipose‐derived stem cells on human keloid fibroblasts via the SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 pathway

“…Human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) is one of mesenchymal stem cells that enable the differentiation of large numbers of multipotent stem cells into multiple cell lineages and to promote tissue regeneration through the paracrine function. 5 Literature shows that hADSCs expedite the wound healing process. 6 Morever, hADSCs inhibit the bioactivity of keloid fibroblasts.…”