Corneal melting in a case undergoing treatment with pembrolizumab

Weng, Chang-Chi; Wu, Chih Chiau; Lin, Pei Yu

doi:10.1111/cxo.12973

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Blepharitis and conjunctivitis are additional ocular surface side effects that can be conservatively managed without stopping the anticancer treatment [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Furthermore, several episodes of ulcerative keratitis, cicatrizing conjunctivitis, immune rejection of corneal transplant, and corneal perforation have been linked to the use of these drugs [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. These complications are usually managed with topical or systemic corticosteroid medications; corneal perforations may be managed with conservative treatments, like bandage contact lenses, corneal gluing, topical autologous serum [37,38], tear substitutes, and punctal occlusion, for optimizing the ocular surface, or surgery (e.g., penetrating keratoplasty) in more severe cases [39].…”

Section: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Surface Side Effects of Novel Anticancer Drugs

Vitiello,

Lixi,

Coco

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Surgery, anticancer drugs (chemotherapy, hormonal medicines, and targeted treatments), and/or radiation are common treatment strategies for neoplastic diseases. Anticancer drugs eliminate malignant cells through the inhibition of specific pathways that contribute to the formation and development of cancer. Given the ability of such pharmacological medications to combat cancerous cells, their role in the management of neoplastic diseases has become essential. However, these drugs may also lead to undesirable systemic and ocular adverse effects due to cyto/neuro-toxicity and inflammatory reactions. Ocular surface side effects are recognized to significantly impact patient’s quality of life and quality of vision. Blepharoconjunctivitis is known to be a common side effect caused by oxaliplatin, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and docetaxel, while anastrozole, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil can all determine dry eye disease. However, the potential processes involved in the development of these alterations are yet not fully understood, especially for novel drugs currently available for cancer treatment. This review aims at analyzing the potential ocular surface and adnexal side effects of novel anticancer medications, trying to provide a better understanding of the underlying pharmacological processes and useful insights on the choice of proper management.

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