Corneal Aberrations in Former Preterm Infants: Results From The Wiesbaden Prematurity Study

Fieß, Achim; Schuster, Alexander K.; Kölb-Keerl, Ruth; Knuf, Markus; Kirchhof, Bernd; Muether, Philipp S.; Bauer, Jacqueline

doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22895

Cited by 11 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Recent reports indicate that these alterations persist throughout life, as results from the Gutenberg Health Study showed that low birth weight (<2500 g) was associated with a steeper corneal radius, smaller corneal diameter [ 6 ], and altered posterior pole [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Furthermore, other studies reported a less regular corneal surface in subjects born preterm with low birth weight, as indicated by increased corneal aberrations in childhood and adulthood [ 9 , 10 ]. The present results indicate that prematurity affects not only ocular geometry but also other ocular surface properties such as tear film quantity and stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reports observed that ROP is an additional parameter affecting corneal shape in children [ 1 ]. Additionally, the corneal surface is less regular as indicated by increased corneal aberrations measured in preterm children [ 9 ] and adults [ 10 ]. This is of particular importance because every year about 15 million newborns are born preterm globally and the prevalence of ROP has still been increasing for several decades worldwide [ 7 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry Eye Parameters and Lid Geometry in Adults Born Extremely, Very, and Moderately Preterm with and without ROP: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study

Fieß

Hufschmidt-Merizian

Gißler

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background/Aims: This study aimed to analyze the effects of perinatal history on tear film properties and lid geometry in adults born preterm. Methods: The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) is a German prospective examination of adults born preterm and term aged 18 to 52 years with Keratograph® 5M and Schirmer test I. Main outcome measures were first non-invasive tear film break-up time (F-NITBUT), bulbar redness (BR), Schirmer test, and nasal palpebral angle measurement. The associations with gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), and BW percentile, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), ROP treatment, and other perinatal factors were evaluated using regression analyses. Results: 489 eyes of 255 preterm and 277 eyes of 139 full-term individuals (aged 28.6 +/− 8.8 years, 220 females) were included. Of these, 33 participants (56 eyes) had a history of spontaneously regressed ROP and 9 participants (16 eyes) had a history of ROP treatment. After adjustment for age and sex, lower F-NITBUT (<20 s) was associated with ROP treatment (OR = 4.42; p = 0.025). Lower GA correlated with increased bulbar redness (B = −0.02; p = 0.011) and increased length of wetting in the Schirmer test (B = −0.69; p = 0.003). Furthermore, low GA was associated with narrowing of the nasal palpebral angle (B = 0.22; p = 0.011) adjusted for age and sex, but not when considering ROP in the multivariable model. Conclusion: Our analyses indicate that perinatal history affects ocular surface properties, tear production and lid geometry in adults born term and preterm. This might indicate that affected persons have a predisposition to diseases of the corneal surface such as the dry eye disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Eye Parameters and Lid Geometry in Adults Born Extremely, Very, and Moderately Preterm with and without ROP: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study

Fieß

Hufschmidt-Merizian

Gißler

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Furthermore, CCT is negatively associated with body height [46] and positively associated with body weight in men and with body mass index in all subjects [40]. These parameters are known to be-at least partially-influenced by LBW and LBW may to some extent explain those associations with altered corneal thickness [5,7,9] and ocular geometry [47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Birth Weight with Central and Peripheral Corneal Thickness in Adulthood—Results from the Population-Based German Gutenberg Health Study

et al. 2021

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Purpose: Low birth weight (BW) is associated with altered ocular geometry such as a steeper corneal shape in adulthood. However, it is unclear whether low birth weight affects corneal thickness development in the center or periphery in adulthood which may contribute to ocular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate corneal thickness in former low birth weight individuals in adulthood. Methods: The German Gutenberg Health Study is a prospective, population-based study in which every participant (age range 40–80 years) was measured with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). BW was collected by self-reports. The relationship between birth weight and corneal thickness at different locations were assessed. Linear regression models were carried out including uni- and multivariable analyses with adjustment for age, sex, mean corneal radius, and white-to-white distance. Main outcome measures were corneal thickness at the apex, at the pupil center, and at the corneal periphery. Results: Overall, 5657 participants were successfully measured (3019 females, aged 56.0 ± 10.3 years). In multivariable analyses a lower BW was associated with a thinner corneal thickness at the apex (B = 1.71 µm/500 g, p < 0.001) and at the pupil (B = 1.69 µm/500 g, p < 0.001). These effects diminished towards the corneal periphery resulting in no differences in the perilimbal regions. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that lower birth weight goes along with corneal thickness alterations even into adult ages of 40 to 80 years. Thinner measurements of the cornea were particularly found in the corneal center and diminished in the periphery. This indicates that there may be fetal origins affecting corneal thickness development particularly in the corneal center.

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“…[3] The major risk factors include extremely preterm delivery, high pO 2 levels during mechanical ventilation, and fluctuations in pO 2 [4]. It has been demonstrated that prematurity and postnatal ROP occurrence are associated with decreased visual acuity [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], higher frequency of refractive error [13][14][15][16], strabismus [17][18][19][20][21], and altered ocular geometry in childhood and adolescence [13,[22][23][24][25][26], however, the long-term effects of ROP and extreme prematurity on visual acuity and prevalence of amblyopia in adulthood are less well known. This is of relevance because over 15 million infants are born prematurely annually, thus reduced visual acuity in those subjects is a public health issue and economic burden [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual acuity, amblyopia, and vision-related quality of life in preterm adults with and without ROP: results from the Gutenberg prematurity eye study

Fieß

Greven

Mildenberger

et al. 2022

Eye

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This study investigated the effects of prematurity and ROP on visual acuity and VRQoL in adults (18-52 years). METHODS: The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective ophthalmologic examination. Preterm and full-term participants at an age from 18 to 52 years were included. Distant corrected visual acuity (DCVA) and VRQoL were assessed in participants (892 eyes of 450 individuals aged 28.6 ± 8.6 years, 251 females) grouped into full-term controls (gestational age [GA] at birth ≥37 weeks), preterm participants without ROP and GA 33-36 weeks (group 2), GA 29-32 weeks (group 3), GA ≤ 28 weeks (group 4), non-treated ROP (group 5) and treated ROP (group 6). Main outcome measures were distant corrected visual acuity (DCVA), VRQoL and prevalence of amblyopia. RESULTS: The DCVA of the better eye correlated (p < 0.001) with GA, birth weight, ROP, ROP treatment, and perinatal adverse events and was poorer in both ROP groups. Visual acuity of <20/200 in the better eye was observed in two participants (4.2%) in the ROP group and one person (6.7%) in the treated ROP group. The prevalence of amblyopia increased in the ROP groups. Compared to full-term controls, visual functioning VRQoL scores were lower in preterm individuals independent of ROP while socioemotional VRQoL scores were only lower in the treated ROP group. CONCLUSION: Participants with postnatal ROP and its treatment showed decreased visual acuity and VRQol in adulthood, with amblyopia occurring more frequently in more preterm participants with ROP.

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Corneal Aberrations in Former Preterm Infants: Results From The Wiesbaden Prematurity Study

Abstract: This study demonstrated that specific corneal aberrations were associated with extreme prematurity rather than with ROP occurrence.

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Dry Eye Parameters and Lid Geometry in Adults Born Extremely, Very, and Moderately Preterm with and without ROP: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study

Dry Eye Parameters and Lid Geometry in Adults Born Extremely, Very, and Moderately Preterm with and without ROP: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study

Association of Birth Weight with Central and Peripheral Corneal Thickness in Adulthood—Results from the Population-Based German Gutenberg Health Study

Visual acuity, amblyopia, and vision-related quality of life in preterm adults with and without ROP: results from the Gutenberg prematurity eye study

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