Corn Drying with Zeolite in The Fluidized Bed Dryer under Medium Temperature

Djaeni, Mohamad; Aishah, Nurul; Nissaulfasha, Harum; Buchori, Luqman

doi:10.12962/j20882033.v24i2.182

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The minimum fluidization velocity is affected by the properties of the particles and of the air; thus, it is an essential factor for the design and operation of FB dryers. The moisture content of the particles decreased rapidly at higher air velocities (Djaeni et al, 2013). An increase in air velocity may also lead to an increase in bubble size in the FB.…”

Section: Airflow Rate and Velocitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Challenges and Opportunities Associated with Drying Rough Rice in Fluidized Bed Dryers: A Review

Luthra¹,

Sadaka²

2020

Transactions of the ASABE

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Highlights Fluidized bed drying of rice has several advantages that outweigh its disadvantages. Increasing the drying temperature above 60°C could reduce rice quality. Research related to energy and exergy efficiencies in fluidized bed dryers of rice is needed. Abstract. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for more than half the world’s population. World rice production reached approximately 740 million metric tons (MMT) in 2018 due to the ever-increasing demand driven by population and economic growth. Rice producers face challenges in meeting this demand, especially in developing countries where rice is prone to spoilage if the moisture content is not reduced to a safe level shortly after harvest. Rice producers, particularly in developing countries, typically use conventional drying methods, i.e., sun drying and natural air drying. These methods are time-consuming and environmentally dependent. On the other hand, fluidized bed drying, which is a well established technology, could provide rice producers with an effective drying technique that is quick, practical, affordable, and portable. Several innovative designs for fluidized bed dryers have been developed that could be installed on-farm or off-farm at a reasonable cost. Some studies have mentioned that the main advantage of fluidized bed drying is the increase in drying rate and the reduction of rice spoilage after harvest. Conversely, other studies have raised alarms regarding low rice quality, which is seen as a significant flaw of fluidized bed drying. Due to this lack of consensus, there is a great need to review this drying technology objectively. Therefore, this review article explores fluidized bed drying and details its advantages and disadvantages related to rice drying. It also sheds light on the effects of the operating parameters involved in fluidized bed drying, i.e., rice moisture content, drying temperature, airflow rate, air velocity, drying duration, and tempering duration, on dryer performance and rice quality. Several fluidized bed numerical models are also reviewed and evaluated. Additionally, this review explores the energy and exergy efficiencies of fluidized bed dryers and suggests opportunities for research associated with fluidized bed drying of rice. Keywords: Energy, Exergy, Fluidized bed drying, Fluidized bed modeling, Moisture content, Rice quality, Rough rice, Tempering.

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Section: Airflow Rate and Velocitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Challenges and Opportunities Associated with Drying Rough Rice in Fluidized Bed Dryers: A Review

Luthra¹,

Sadaka²

2020

Transactions of the ASABE

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“…The efficiency and quality of conventional drying also can be increased by the addition of zeolite as a desiccator, so that commodity drying can be carried out without high drying temperatures but using low humidity air, this makes the quality of commodities dried with the desiccator maintained 13,14) . Djaeni et al 15) , in 2013, analysed the effects of drying conditions with several weight ratios of Zeolite and corn. Drying corn with Zeolite can speed up drying time and increase drying rate constants and corn nutrition can be maintained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Heat Pipe Utilizing Low-Temperature Geothermal Energy and Zeolite-A for Tea Leaves Withering Process

Gunawan

Putra²,

Kusrini³

et al. 2020

Evergreen

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Conventional drying methods can be improved by utilizing geothermal energy and the addition of Zeolite-A as an absorbent from the synthesis of Kaolin, which has abundant resources in Indonesia. The use of geothermal energy for fossil energy substitution results in the development of more sustainable and safer environmentally, while the use of Kaolin as absorbent will increase economic value and reduce the export of raw materials in Indonesia. This research was conducted to study the effect of adding Zeolite-A to the heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) system that utilizes geothermal energy to the performance of tea withering. As a source of geothermal fluid, a water heater with a capacity of 9000 Watts and hot water flowed with a pump were used. The HPHE used was constructed of 42 pcs of heat pipes and 181 pcs of the fin. The heat pipe used had a length of 700 mm with an outer diameter of 10 mm, the fluid worked in the heat pipe using water with a filling ratio of 50%.The fin was made of aluminum with a thickness of 0.105 mm with a size of 76 x 345 mm. The results showed that the effectiveness of HPHE varied from 64.825% to 78.363%. The Henderson and Pabis model was the best model to represent the behavior of tea leaves using Zeolite-A, and the Page model for the withering of tea leaves without Zeolite-A. With the addition of Zeolite-A, the speed of tea leaves withering increased by about 18%. In addition to being environmentally friendly, the use of geothermal energy can be an alternative energy substitution for drying tea that uses firewood which is harmful to health because it becomes the source of anthraquinone (AQ) as a cause of cancer in humans.

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“…Efforts to maintain the availability of corn commodity stocks must be accompanied by efforts to maintain the quality of corn stocks. The quality of corn will be well maintained if stored in conditions of moisture content below 14% wet base according to SNI 01-3920-1995 standard [3]. The popular traditional way to dry corn is to dry it directly in the sunshine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But this method of drying in the sunshine also has many shortcomings, including poor quality results due to uneven drying rates [4], drying process and quality results that are very weather dependent [6], and food safety issues due to pollutants [5]. The various corn drying methods that have been done to overcome the shortcomings of sunshine drying are: using zeolite [3], microwave wave radiation [9], infrared radiation [10], and heat pump technology [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dehumdifier Heat Pump Dryer for Corn Drying and Process Characterization

Arendra¹,

Sabarudin²,

Lumintu³

2018

Proceedings of the International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST 2018)

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How to build a corn dryer that is not weather dependent yet energy efficient? And how the characteristics of corn dryer?. This research objectives are: Design and develop a dehumidifier heat pump dryer for corn drying. Observing the characteristics of drying time, temperature and humidity of drying air and consumption of drying energy. This study consists of two stages. First, design and build a dehumidifier heat-pump dryer for corn and instrumentation to monitor the drying process parameters. Second, characterizing the process of drying the corn using a dehumidifier heat-pump dryer to build a knowledge base for the corn drying. The results of the study were concluded. The lower the speed setting of blower fan, the higher the air temperature of the dehumidifier heat pump dryer. The highest drying air temperature in this study was only 53C. The lower the evaporator temperature setting, the lower the drying air humidity. The lowest drying air humidity in this study reached 19%.

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Corn Drying with Zeolite in The Fluidized Bed Dryer under Medium Temperature

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Challenges and Opportunities Associated with Drying Rough Rice in Fluidized Bed Dryers: A Review

Challenges and Opportunities Associated with Drying Rough Rice in Fluidized Bed Dryers: A Review

Study of Heat Pipe Utilizing Low-Temperature Geothermal Energy and Zeolite-A for Tea Leaves Withering Process

Dehumdifier Heat Pump Dryer for Corn Drying and Process Characterization

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