Core/shell-type nanorods of Tb3+-doped LaPO4, modified with amine groups, revealing reduced cytotoxicity

Abstract

A simple co-precipitation reaction between Ln3+ cations (Ln = lanthanide) and phosphate ions in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), including post-treatment under hydrothermal conditions, leads to the formation of Tb3+-doped LaPO4 crystalline nanorods. The nanoparticles obtained can be successfully coated with amorphous and porous silica, forming core/shell-type nanorods. Both products reveal intensive green luminescence under UV lamp irradiation. The surface of the core/shell-type product can also be modified with –NH2 groups via silylation procedure, using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a modifier. Powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy confirm the desired structure and needle-like shape of the products synthesized. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and specific surface area measurements by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method reveal a successful surface modification with amine groups of the core/shell-type nanoparticles prepared. The nanomaterials synthesized exhibit green luminescence characteristic of Tb3+ ions, as solid powders and aqueous colloids, examined by spectrofluorometry. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies reveal different degree toxicity of the products. LaPO4:Tb3+@SiO2@NH2 exhibits the smallest toxicity against B16F0 mouse melanoma cancer cells and human skin microvascular endothelial cell lines, in contrast to the most toxic LaPO4:Tb3+@SiO2.Graphical Abstract

Ionic liquid assisted microwave synthesis route towards color-tunable luminescence of lanthanide- doped BiPO4

“…In both cases (Series I and II) the decay curves of 5% Eu 3+ doped BiPO4 showed a bi-exponential behavior ( Figure 7) and Table 1 The obtained values correspond well with the data published for Eu 3+ doped single phosphates [6,28]. It is well known, that for Eu 3+ doped nanomaterials or crystals it is possible to calculate 5 D0 quantum efficiency according the equations: The barycenter of the observed lines was taken as the transition energy ħ•ω0→J.…”

“…The emission spectra of Tb 3+doped BiPO4 samples consist of a group of typical transitions located at 475 nm ( 5 D4→ 7 F6), 543 nm ( 5 D4→ 7 F5), 580 nm ( 5 D4→ 7 F4), 620 nm ( 5 D4→ 7 F3) and 650 nm ( 5 D4→ 7 F2), due to magnetic dipole transitions within 4f shell of Tb 3+ ions [28].…”

Synthesis, photophysical analysis, and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of the multifunctional (magnetic and luminescent) core@shell nanomaterial based on lanthanide-doped orthovanadates

“…In comparison to the organic dyes and semiconducting quantum dots, they have all of the mentioned advantages characteristic of Ln 3? ions and also reveal photo-and thermo-stability, resistance to oxidation, and low cytotoxicity (Blasse and Grabmaier 1994;Binnemans 2009;Grzyb et al 2013;Runowski et al 2013).…”

Synthesis, surface modification/decoration of luminescent–magnetic core/shell nanomaterials, based on the lanthanide doped fluorides (Fe 3 O 4 /SiO 2 /NH 2 /PAA/LnF 3 )

“…The inorganic compounds such as lanthanide oxides, fluorides, phosphates, vanadates and borates, doped with the selected Ln 3 þ activator ion can exhibit intense, multicolor luminescence. They are also resistant to photo-bleaching, high temperature, redox processes, aggressive agents and UV radiation [31,[40][41][42][43][44]. The phosphors based on rare earth elements are commonly utilized in plasma display panels, detection systems, optoelectronics, biomarkers, lighting, luminescence tracing and as luminescent cores in the core/shell type nanostructures [45][46][47][48][49].…”

“…The phosphors based on rare earth elements are commonly utilized in plasma display panels, detection systems, optoelectronics, biomarkers, lighting, luminescence tracing and as luminescent cores in the core/shell type nanostructures [45][46][47][48][49]. Moreover, they reveal low cytotoxicities, which allow their potential use in various bioapplications [6,15,42].…”