Core/shell-structured, covalently bonded TiO₂/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) dispersions and their electrorheological response: the effect of anisotropy

Abstract

Higher surface area, rod-to-rod interactions and conducting thin shell induced covalently-bonded core/shell nanorod-TiO2/PEDOT nanocomposite to show stronger ER activity and higher recovery after stress loading compared to particulate one.

Nanoparticles Functionalized by Conducting Polymers and Their Electrorheological and Magnetorheological Applications

“…Therefore, it was proposed that particles with a cubic morphology could contribute better sedimentation stability than spheres. In addition, in the study of nanorod-TiO 2 /PEDOT and nanoparticle-TiO 2 /PEDOT-based ER fluid [88], it was also found that the TiO 2 /PEDOT with a rod shape has better sedimentation stability than that with a spherical shape. Moreover, the sedimentation stability increased with increasing particle volume fraction.…”

“…As another derivative of PT, poly(3-octylthiophene) (P3OT), was also used to coat nanocube-TiO 2 for use as an ER material [90,94]. The P3OT coating was bonded covalently, which is similar to the route of TiO 2 /PEDOT synthesized by Eroal et al [88]. Figure 4g,h shows TEM images of nanocube-TiO 2 and nanocube-TiO 2 /P3OT, respectively.…”

“…The electrical conductivity after de-doping decreased from 10 −4 S/cm to 10 −8 S/cm before being used as an ER particle. Eroal et al [88] fabricated core-shell shaped TiO 2 /PEDOT by covalent bonding using TiO 2 nanorods and nanoparticles as the core, respectively. As shown in Scheme 5, initially, amino-functionalized TiO 2 was obtained by the surface silanization of TiO 2 using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS), and the thiophene group was then grafted using 3-thiophene acetic acid to carry out polymerization with EDOT.…”

“…TEM images of (a,b) PS and PS/PEDOT (An et al[87], © Elsevier, 2007); (c,d) nanorod-TiO 2 and nanorod-TiO 2 /PEDOT (Eroal et al[88], © The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015); (e,f) SiO 2 and PEDOT/SiO 2 (Park et al[89], © Elsevier, 2018); (g,h) nanocube-TiO 2 and nanocube-TiO 2 /P3OT (Sever et al[90], © Elsevier, 2015).…”

“…Schematic diagram of the synthetic route of TiO 2 /PEDOT (Eroal et al[88], © The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015).…”