Core‐shell Hierarchical Enzymatic Biosensor Based on Hyaluronic Acid Capped Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Determination of Endocrine‐disrupting Bisphenol A

Abstract

A novel enzymatic electrochemical biosensor (mCuF/PANI‐nf/HA/Lacc/GCE) was designed for detection of bisphenol A (BPA). The copper ferrite nanoparticles was obtained by co‐precipitation and its surface was modified with ‐NH2 functional organosilane. Polyaniline nanofibers were also synthesized by cyclic voltammetry and characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM and TEM, respectively. Then, it was crosslinked with hyaluronic acid as an immobilization matrix for Laccase to adhere to surface of the modified copper ferrites. Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries were used to evaluate the electrochemical performances of the biosensor, which has a LOD value of 5.40 nM and a LOQ value of 16.20 nM in the 0.01–7.50 μM linear working range. The biosensor was successfully applied for determination of BPA in seawater, canned water and milk samples with recoveries ranging from 96.0 % and 100.7 %. In addition, accuracy of the voltammetric determination method in the real samples was carried out by HPLC and spike/recovery test. The layer‐by‐layer surface modification strategy of the designed mCuF/PANI‐nf/HA/Lacc/GCE biosensor opens a new perspective on both BPA determination and using biopolymer in the structure of enzymatic electrochemical biosensors.

Label-Free Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Cancer Diagnosis: Recent Achievements and Challenges

“…The electrochemical transformations occurring at the interface of the label-free sensing platform are determined by the affinity between the analyte and the biorecognition elements, regardless of the use of labels [ 29 ]. Thanks to the detectable signals obtained by electrochemistry, these techniques are widely preferred not only for cancer detection and follow-up but also for the accurate and sensitive detection of analytes in areas such as the detection of different diseases and environmental and food control [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. In an electrochemical biosensor, two different reactions can be observed as a result of the interaction of the electrode surface and the analyte: the first is the positive read signal called “signal-on”, and the other is the negative read signal called “signal-off” [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Electrochemical Sensing Based on Nanofibers Modified Electrodes for Application in Diagnostic, Food and Waste Water Samples

“…They tested the developed biosensor for the determination of BPA in receipt paper and compared their results with the results of HPLC, indicating a reliable, portable and highly sensitive tool for detecting BPA. Another Lac‐based biosensor was developed for the detection of BPA using a composite of copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuF), PANI NF and hyaluronic acid (HA) [56b] . PANI−NFs with a larger surface area and high conductivity in combination with highly catalytically active CuF nanohybrid structures offered promising electrode materials for electrochemical sensing.…”

Recent advances in enzymatic biosensors for point‐of‐care detection of biomolecules

“…The laccase-based biosensor is designed using cyclic voltammetry technique for synthesis of polyaniline nanofibers and precipitation of copper ferrite nanoparticles. The device has a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.40 nM in linear working range (Sanko et al, 2022). Below, Table 2 is representing different enzyme-based biosensors for the detection of various analytes along with their lowest detection limit.…”